In southern Germany annexation of a territory called Agri Decumates cut off the reentrant angle formed by the Rhine at Basel. [4] If this theory is true, than it probably participated in the subsequent battle of Philippi of 42 BC on the side of the triumvirate, Octavian and Marc Antony. The emperor soon dispatched Vespasian to Argentoratum (Strasbourg) as legatus legionis II Augustae, apparently to prepare the legion for the invasion of Britain. Web. Ancient History Encyclopedia, 27 Oct 2012. While the legion was in Hispania, they along with the Legio I Germanica helped build the Colonia Acci. The historian Suetonius in his The Twelve Caesars would later describe him as “square-shouldered, with strong, well-formed limbs, but always wore a strained expression on his face…. Books Vespasian. Although Titus was not allowed an independent triumph, he became virtually a partner in Vespasian’s rule, not only accumulating consulates and imperatorial salutations with his father but also being given command of the Praetorian Guard. Although he excelled as a military commander on the battlefield in Britain in 53 CE, and later served as the governor of the Roman province Africa Proconsularis, he had no influence with the Roman aristocracy. After his wife’s death, he “married” his ex-mistress Caenis. [9] On its way back from Germania, the legion wad drenched in heavy rain and harassed by heavy storms. Written by Donald L. Wasson, published on 27 October 2012 under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. [9] It is unknown when, but the II Augusta received the surname Antonina, which meant that the soldiers were particularly dear to the emperor.
He restored Roman prestige and recovered her shattered finances. [9] Legio II Augusta proved to be one of the best legions, even after its disgrace during the uprising of queen Boudica, when its praefectus castrorum Poenius Postumus, who was then its acting commander, most likely because its legatus and tribunes probably being absent with the governor Suetonius Paulinus, contravened Suetonius' orders to join him and so later committed suicide. With Titus there was cause for alarm when his troops, after his victory in Judaea, asked him to take them to Italy; but he returned alone. Ancient History Encyclopedia. Wasson, Donald L. He had an older brother, also named Sabinus, who became a consul and governor. The way was now open for the improvement of certain frontiers. On December 21 Vespasian’s position was officially confirmed by the Senate, but he remained quite frank about the military origin of his rule. This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon this content non-commercially, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. To demonstrate his lack of hostility to Galba, Vespasian sent Titus to Rome in late 68 CE; however, when Galba was murdered and the throne was up for grabs between Otho (governor of Lusitania) and Vitellius (governor of Lower Germany), Titus returned to Judea. About October 70 Vespasian returned to Rome from Alexandria. [3] After Julius Sacrovir and Julius Florus revolted against the Roman Empire in Gaul, the Legio II Augusta, under the command of Gaius Silius would help put down the revolt. It was hard that he should be called ‘miser’ for his pains.” To bring more money into the troubled Roman treasury, he doubled tributes from the provinces, charged fees from candidates for public offices, and sold pardons. It wasn’t long, however, before rumblings against Vitellius began to appear in the West. Before Vespasian’s return Mucianus reduced the Praetorian Guard, greatly enlarged by Vitellius, to approximately its former size; and the legions on the frontiers were soon regrouped to remove from dangerous positions those that had fought for Vitellius. Later, he served in Africa in the early 60’s CE where he suffered the disdain of the local population, often being pelted with turnips. Titus Flavius Vespasianus was born into “a family of little distinction” in the small town of Falacrina just north of Rome on November 17, 9 CE.
He increased, and sometimes doubled, provincial taxation and revoked immunities granted to various Greek-speaking provinces and cities.
Some Rights Reserved (2009-2020) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. [3] Later, in 139 AD the Legion would help in building the short lived Antonine Wall. He accumulated “salutations” as imperator from his armies and allowed Titus to share them with him. 10 Oct 2020. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University and Michigan State University and University of Missouri. He fought in over thirty battles and captured at least twenty cities. "Vespasian."
He now feared for his wife and children. In 73 Vespasian and Titus became censors. Distance Slab of the Second Legion", "Distance Slab of the Second Legion, Duntocher", "RIB 2204.
Important changes were made in the East, where Vespasian replaced the single army (which until Nero’s time had only four legions) in Syria with three armies, with a total of six legions, in Cappadocia, Syria, and Judaea.
In his last illness he said, “Vae, puto deus fio” (“Oh dear, I think I’m becoming a god”); and after his death he was immediately accorded deification. However, he wasn’t completely greedy; he paid salaries to those who taught Latin and Greek and awarded prizes to poets and artists. Vespasian was the ninth emperor of Rome who founded the Flavian dynasty.
One of his first acts was to restore the morale of the army, discharging some and punishing others for what was termed ”indulging in excesses.” Next, he rebuilt many of the homes and buildings burned during the final days of Viterllius’s reign. Titus effectively ended the Jewish war with the capture of Jerusalem in August 70, and about the same time an alarming revolt in the Rhineland was broken by Vespasian’s cousin Petilius Cerealis. Although, several Vexillatio of the Legio II Augusta would fight in the Battle of Mons Graupius.
Legio secunda Augusta ("Augustus' Second Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army that was founded during the late Roman republic. Suetonius and Tacitus both commented on his one failing – avarice. And in 49 AD it was moved to Dorchester. In this office, although little is known about the details, they probably carried out extensive reorganization of the provincial communities, including some of the taxation reforms mentioned earlier. But he showed good-natured tolerance of offensiveness that could do no harm. [3].mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}, Not to be confused with the various other, Map of the Roman empire in AD 125, under emperor, RIB 2203. In 75 AD the II Augusta was moved to Caerleon in Wales.
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