Maj. Gen. Joseph B. Hooker, with about 16,000 men, sent his force forward into the gap on the morning of November 27th to meet the Confederate defenders. Help save a crucial 22-acre tract on the battlefield where 14 African American soldiers earned the highest military honor in the land. While the Federals eventually took the gap, it was at great human cost. Notice the buildings and timber still standing before Sherman’s march. Clark’s “History of Catoosa County” yields some first-hand accounts of those moments. Grant’s staff member Ely Parker commented that despite enemy fire, the group rode through town at “an ordinary trot.”, “Not once,” wrote Parker, “do I believe did it enter the General’s mind that he was in danger.”. Cleburne holds gap for Confederate retreat; Sherman prepares fiery path to Savannah By Randall Franks As Union Gen. William S. Rosecrans moved his forces off Catoosa soil at the Chickamuaga battlefield Sept. 20, 1863, and back to Chattanooga, residents took a short break from the intensity of day-after-day combat and tried to move forward. After the fighting, most were left without any food or stock to feed their families, and the hollow Chickamauga victory changed to defeat after Gen. Braxton Bragg’s loss at Mis… Inman Bank in Ringgold after Union forces
“What had been the most enterprising town in North Georgia, with flourishing businesses, nice stores and beautiful homes, was left a forest of soot covered chimneys.”. Battle of Ringgold Gap - November 27, 1863, Help Bring the Western Theater Battlefield Experience Online, Save 95 Crucial Acres at Two Revolutionary War Battlefields, Kentuckians: Support Battlefield Preservation Legislation, Virginians: Support Battlefield Preservation Legislation, American Battlefield Trust's Map Reprint Permission Policy. Show your pride in battlefield preservation by shopping in our store. Control of the railroad at the gap was critical to moving the badly needed Confederate supply trains to the rear. The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 53,000 acres in 24 states! The “Military History of the 13th Illinois Infantry” describes the Illinois boys as “chipper as could be … hardly expecting so much danger near at hand.”. William Gibson recognized how the Federal troops fell on the ground and, from the way their hats, caps, guns and accoutrements went flying in the air, he said he had no doubt the whole line was annihilated, exclaiming, “By Jove, boys, it killed them all.”, Cleburne heard the soldier and chastised him to get down, or he would discover “that there are enough left for you to get the top of your head shot off.”. Maj. Gen. Patrick Cleburne’s division was ordered to fall back to Ringgold Gap with orders to hold the Western & Atlantic Railroad which passed through Taylor’s Ridge there. Gen. Peter J. Osterhaus, serving under Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker. The Federal forces only took the gap and the mountain after Cleburne’s forces left the field of battle.
The soldiers camped at locations throughout the county, including Catoosa Springs. John R Kennard with the 10th Texas Infantry wrote: “… We were ordered up to strip and prepare for wading the river, which was soon accomplished. As Hooker came through Ringgold on Nov. 27, he sought information from residents, including slaves, on the condition of the enemy, but none of the reports foretold what was to come. Maj. Gen. Patrick Cleburne’s division was ordered to fall back to Ringgold Gap with orders to hold the Western & Atlantic Railroad which passed through Taylor’s Ridge there. There is but two or three families in town. HISTORICAL MAP | Chattanooga, Tennessee on September 19-20, 1865. Federal Identification Number (EIN): 54-1426643. Maj. Gen. George Thomas controlled the Ringgold area. Bragg chose Gen. Patrick Cleburne, an Irish-born settler from Arkansas, to be the rear guard of the retreat in an attempt to buy time for the Confederates to reach their destination. Donations to the Trust are tax deductible to the full extent allowable under the law. Cleburne watched the group advance with his field glasses.
Following the Union victory at Missionary Ridge outside of Chattanooga and the subsequent Confederate retreat, Yankee troops set out in pursuit as the Rebels moved south into Georgia. Divisions of the American Battlefield Trust: The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization.
Grant arrived at the Ringgold Depot and immediately began issuing orders to dislodge the Confederates from the gap but not pursue the group any farther. Tal McAfee’s family and the Whitmans are all I know of.”. One female member of the family, after emerging from the root cellar that served as the family’s haven during battle, was outraged that her bed was now soaked with the blood of a wounded Federal officer. After the river had been crossed the men redressed and, the morning being very cold, were formed in line and arms stacked, and fires built to warm by. Following the Union victory at Missionary Ridge outside of Chattanooga and the subsequent Confederate retreat, Yankee troops set out in pursuit as the Rebels moved south into Georgia.
After skirmishes on Nov. 26, including an engagement with Gen. William T. Sherman’s advance column north of Catoosa’s Graysville community, Cleburne camped his 4,000 men close to Ringgold Gap near West Chickamauga Creek.
After five hours of heavy fighting and nearing the end of their ammunition, Cleburne was ordered to fall back to protect the departing supply trains.
In his official report, Cleburne listed 20 men dead, 190 wounded and 11 missing. Gen. Charles R. Woods to advance beyond the Ringgold Depot towards White Oak Mountain.
Capt. Donations to the Trust are tax deductible to the full extent allowable under the law. As the men reached the timberline, the fighting began, and the Confederates forced the Missourians back. Once the march began and the majority of the occupying force left Catoosa, families were able to try to pick up the pieces of their shattered lives, while waiting to hear if loved ones would ever return from the fields of battle to once again plow the now blood-stained soil which once was so fertile. William H.H. He was then ordered to withdraw. On the Federal side, Hooker reported 65 dead, 424 wounded and 20 missing. It does not take but one person to make a trade. Battle of Ringgold Gap - November 27, 1863 American Battlefield Trust’s map of the Battle of Ringgold Gap Following the Union victory at Missionary Ridge outside of Chattanooga and the subsequent Confederate retreat, Yankee troops set out in pursuit as … According to Bohannon: “Suddenly, Cleburne almost sprang into the air, clapped his knee and in his broad Irish brogue shouted ‘Now then boys, give it to ’em boys!’”, Confederate Pvt. Historian Clark writes that when the Yankees moved back, they burned what they did not take with them. Cleburne sent a regiment to the top of White Oak Mountain and placed several companies on Taylor’s Ridge, dispatching his men and artillery out of sight of the oncoming forces of Union Brig.
Please consider making a gift today to help raise the $170,000 we need to preserve this piece of American history forever. According to Chaplain Arnold T. Needham, the Jobe house was littered with wounded soldiers.
Donate today to preserve battlefields in America and protect the legacy of our nation’s defining conflicts. Confederate forces retreated from the ridge towards Chickamauga on Nov. 25, 1863, then to Ringgold and on to Dalton with Federal forces hot on their heels. In the first week of May before Sherman’s March to the Sea, Clark estimates that the population of Catoosa County increased by 100,000 males, all dressed in Union blue.
About break of day, we were ordered to fall in and commenced the march through the town of Ringgold.
The soldiers were ordered to create lines of defense facing north in the dense young timber growth at the foot of White Oak Mountain near the Ringgold Depot and today’s Welcome Hill community and Taylor’s Ridge near the gap. Hooker's forces were committed piecemeal, one division or brigade at a time on the rocky slopes of the ridge. After five hours of heavy fighting and nearing the end of their ammunition, Cleburne was ordered to fall back to protect the departing supply trains. He told Lt. Richard W. Goldthdwaute to hold artillery fire until the Federals reached the farm. Clark included a letter in his book from Ophelia Gordon, wife of Thomas Gordon, written Dec. 29, 1863. …”. During the winter of 1863-4, Federal troops made Chattanooga and Catoosa County their home, while residents saw Confederates from nearby camps at Tunnel Hill, Varnell and Dalton raid and harry Union occupiers until the beginning of Sherman’s March to the Sea in May 1864. The Confederate Congress acknowledged the valor of the Confederate forces that fought at the Battle of Ringgold Gap in a special resolution Jan. 22, 1864.
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