Several attempts to cross the Thames had ended in failure, even with lives being lost.
The London Underground was the world's first underground railway and one of its most extensive. It was one of the world's first modern sewer systems. Scrap Book is where you can see some additional photographic material that didn't quite make it into the web pages. Or perhaps you may notice the tunnel wall change from cast iron tubing to bricks as you travel on the Piccadilly Line between Green Park and Hyde Park Corner. Several railway stations have cavernous vaults and tunnels running beneath them, often disused, or reopened with a new purpose. Click through the gallery above to see a selection of images from Hidden London: Discovering the Forgotten Underground. These works removed the inconvenience of having to repeatedly excavate highways to allow access to underground utilities.[10]. Aldwych Station: Some facts about Aldwych.
The two entrances allowed a steady flow of up to 8,000 people to enter the building in less than an hour, Baker Street station was one of the original Metropolitan Railway subsurface stations opened in 1863, The Bakerloo line opened a separate station accessed by lifts in 1906. Evidence of these stations remains both on the surface and also beneath the ground if you know where to look. Starting in 1861, Victorian engineers built miles of purpose-built subways large enough to walk through, and through which they could run gas, electricity, water and hydraulic power pipes. Tower Bridge aerial photograph © 1999 and is used with permission. The photograph above shows part of the ventilation plant.
Today this is part of the ventilation system at Euston, but some traces of its former use can be seen on the left-hand side, with mustard-yellow and green paint still faintly visible on the wall, One of the bricked-up station tunnels at Highgate station, now a protected bat sanctuary, One of the original, subterranean passenger walkways at North End, built in the 1900s but never used, seen here with later flood defence modifications, including a reinforced steel door, The vacuum pump used to power the Lamsom tube pneumatic system installed at Goodge Street, which quickly transported messages around the deep-level shelter for American forces, Protected inside the core of the rotunda at Clapham South are a pair of staircases, arranged in a double helix around a service lift.
Well, not really a disused station at all of course, but Walford East is very familiar to viewers of a particular British television programme... Click here to find out more! The lifts remained in use to carry passengers up to street level until 24 November 1940, when the original Bakerloo line station was closed to passengers. Two major types of tunnels can be found on the London Underground.
This used to be British Museum station. Wood Lane: Wood Lane Station. In October 1914, interchange between the Metropolitan and Bakerloo line stations was improved by the installation of two escalators. The abandoned London Underground tunnels you can now walk through. This can be found in several formats on the Transport for London web site.
Released earlier this month, Hidden London: Discovering the Forgotten Underground was created by David Bownes, Chris Nix, Siddy Holloway and Sam Mullins of the London Transport Museum, with photography by Toby Madden and Andy Davis. A brief explanation about the next three icons before I delete them shortly because they mean nothing at all these days... [13th October 2019]. In many cases, this involved digging a deep cutting along the path of a road. Lucy Skoulding. You can navigate this site in a number of ways. These underground railways started out as extensions of some of the existing outlying railways and were initially served by steam locomotives and so many places were required where steam could be safely vented.
Hidden Holborn: A first hand behind-the-scenes look at some of the disused platforms at Holborn station. [29th September 2020] London Transport Museum's Hidden London exhibition has won the MandHAward for Temporary or Touring Exhibition of the Year (and it certainly deserves it)!
It was used as a pedestrian subway, as the company did not have enough money or finance to build the intended access ramps for horse-drawn traffic. This means that over time more and more should be added to these pages. During the war, parts of the Underground were converted into air-raid shelters known as deep-level shelters. James Henry Greathead had devised a new method of tunnelling which employed compressed air to prevent leaking in conjunction with a circular drilling shield to bore circular tunnels (about 3 metres in diameter) much deeper into the ground, which were then lined with cast iron rings. Finally, if you're a regular visitor, you can see what's changed since you last visited by having a look at the Changes Page - or by clicking on the little blue icon at the top of this page. Admittedly some of the images are dark but all look presentable if the monitor is correctly set up. The imagery in the book delves into a deep-level shelter in Clapham South, the forgotten tunnels of Euston and the closed Aldwych station. A careful observer can still see some today whereas others have completely vanished without trace. It was planned as a cable-hauled railway, but the advent of electric traction resulted in a simpler solution, and the change was made before the cable system was built. The section of the Metropolitan Line beyond Amersham has now been covered on the Cut & Cover pages. Demon have subsequently been swallowed up into the big boy companies and even the original address of Underground History (starfury.demon.co.uk) would no longer be viable. Many if not all of the lines have however had different names during their existence. This picture was taken in 1999, just before construction work started on the City Hall building to the left of the picture. He escaped jail recently after he was conditionally discharged over … Secondly, Demon Internet, who at the time were actually hosting this content allowing me a measly 20 Megabytes of homepage content... actually gave this award without even asking me. Some people have asked me why I don't have a copy of the Underground map here, or more to the point, why I don't have a version of the map that shows the closed stations. Aldwych Tour: A description of a guided tour of Aldwych station. Examples include The Old Vic Tunnels, beneath London Waterloo station, and the vaults beneath London Bridge station, formerly utilised by the theatre company Shunt. Over the years, the need and use for some of these stations have changed with the result that some were closed. Stations that remain include: The Bakerloo line used to run beyond Harrow & Wealdstone until quite recently (date to follow!). The resulting health crisis led to the creation of the London sewerage system (designed by Joseph Bazalgette) in the late nineteenth century. I have no problem with people printing out a copy of these pages for personal use - but remember that I've used white text so you may need to change your browser's print character colour to black. Reproduction of this web site, in whole or in part, on compilation CD/DVDs is a breach of this copyright as is mirroring the site elsewhere on the internet (with the exception of search engine indexing). There are 2 visitors reading these pages at the moment including yourself. As the city developed from a cluster of villages, many of the tributaries were buried or converted into canals. One point to note is that in these pages, all lines are referred by their contemporary names. ... Well, not quite. In other words, bear with me and visit now and again if you're interested in this subject matter, as more material will almost certainly be appearing over time! I certainly wouldn't advocate any attempt at visiting any of the locations featured on this web site without appropriate clearance. [7] Author Duncan Campbell discussed these facilities in more detail, in the book War Plan UK: The Truth about Civil Defence in Britain (1982). It is believed these tunnels also link to Buckingham Palace. For visitors wanting to get a taste of the subterranean world without going underground, the London Transport Museum is also opening a new Hidden London exhibition on October 11 with a number of rare archive photos, objects, vintage posters, secret diagrams and decorative tiles from the disused stations on display. The city has been occupied by humans for two millennia. One of the things I find most interesting is the changing history of the railway, of which there is still much hidden evidence. Due to the speed at which these tunnels could be mined, many stations were envisaged on each of the lines that were created and most of these stations are still in use today. Yet, the Tube is really quite miraculous. The photograph above shows the small structure built over the northern shaft next to the Tower of London. You can get to key pages by clicking on the menu bar at the top left of the page. Some people have had difficulty reading or seeing images on these pages. Take Aldwych for example, at the end of a disused railway siding right in the heart of London. More Hidden Bits: Some information about some of the disused passages which can be observed in still active stations. This also used to be a station. It ran for 1,200 yards (1,100 m) from Rotherhithe to Wapping, and opened in 1843. Few are acknowledged, and even fewer are open to the public. I'm not a train spotter by any means, but I find the history and background of London's subterranean railway fascinating. Over time these changed from water sources to untreated sewers and disease sources.[1].
The photograph was taken late 1999 just as building work was commencing on the south bank (left of the picture) of the Thames.
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