Dauendorffer JN, Laurain C, Weber M, Dailloux M. Effect of Methodology on the Tuberculocidal Activity of a Glutaraldehyde-Based Disinfectant. The cultures were then inverted several times and incubated at room temperature without agitation for the specified periods (20 to 30 min). Tuberculosis is still a major cause of death in low to middle-income countries and areas [].Furthermore, drug resistant and multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis has been reported worldwide [].Tuberculosis has remained as a major public health threat even in this century [1, 2].Disinfectants are widely used to eliminate infectious agents from possibly contaminated equipment and specimens.
Bactericidal effect of increasing exposure times and acid concentrations. Vinegar has been used as a disinfectant for thousands of years (8, 9) and is today commonly used for, among other things, eliminating bacteria from fresh produce (10, 11) or curing acute otitis externa (12, 13). Cresol soap and oxydol were effective against all strains we tested, regardless of drug resistance. Note: “An individual pesticide product may be marketed and sold under a variety of names. Part of For example, Defra could order approved disinfectants to be used to control an outbreak of bluetongue virus.
Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Acetic acid or vinegar was added to aliquots of bacterial cultures in proportions to create the concentrations shown in Table 1.
Since the strain was isolated in 1934 [7], it could be adapted to laboratory propagations. Leaves residue, rinsing required. No. Once solutions have lost their brown colour to become colourless, they are no longer active.
7.5% hydrogen peroxide can cause discoloration of black anodized metal finishes and bleaching of fabric. In this study, we first evaluated effectiveness of disinfectants against MDR-M. tuberculosis in just short time (1-min), on the supposition that the disinfectants were used for routine environmental cleaning by spray, wipe, or wash in relatively short time to M. tuberculosis. The PCR was performed by using KAPA SYBR FAST qPCR Master Mix (2×) Universal (NIPPON Genetics, Tokyo, Japan) according to the manufacture’s instruction. If mixed with ammonia or acidic products can create poisonous chlorine gas.
Non-toxic and non-irritating in normal use. Retains similar bactericidal activity in the presence of organic matter. Tuberculosis (England) Order 2007 ... A replacement disinfectants efficacy tests document has been uploaded. This work was supported by a research fund from Kitasato University. These chemical agents are known as disinfectants and antiseptics. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported license, which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Not sporicidal and generally not tuberculocidal or virucidal against hydrophilic (nonenveloped) viruses. Personal protective equipment and increased ventilation. Updated link to Defra approved disinfectant system. However, in the early part of the 20th century, they were fairly extensively studied for disinfectant properties, as reviewed by Reid in 1932 (22), and their tuberculocidal activity was evaluated by Barker in 1964 (23). NS performed study design, data analyses and manuscript preparation. © 2020 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. The high-level capacity of acetic acid in killing mycobacteria, regarded as the most disinfectant-resistant bacteria due to the structure of their lipid-rich cell walls (4), suggests that perhaps it should be revived as a broadly effective bactericide that can be used as a general sanitizer. J Clin Microbiol. These findings are consistent with and extend the results of studies performed in the early and mid-20th century on the disinfectant capacity of organic acids. The optimum bactericidal concentration is 60%–90%. Vinegar has been used for thousands of years as a common disinfectant, and if it can kill mycobacteria, the most disinfectant-resistant bacteria, it may prove to be a broadly effective, economical biocide with potential usefulness in health care settings and laboratories, especially in resource-poor countries.
Furthermore, drug resistant and multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis has been reported worldwide [2]. SM assisted with the microbiological test. Broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. A 13.7% solution of sodium acetate, with about the same molarity as 10% acetic acid, produced less than a 1-log(10) killing of M. smegmatis (data not shown), indicating that the bactericidal effect of acetic acid was caused by its carboxylic acid function. If you are seeking additional information about a pesticide product, refer to the EPA Registration Number, found on the product label, not the brand name. We fortuitously found that acetic acid kills mycobacteria and then showed that it is an effective mycobactericidal agent, even against the very resistant, clinically important Mycobacterium abscessus complex. Bactericidal, fungicidal, virucidal, tuberculocidal and sporicidal at high concentrations. 2002;92:46S–56S. 1464 0 obj
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<. Real-time qPCR was performed using the following cycling conditions: 1 cycle of 95 °C for 30 s, 40 cycles of 95 °C for 5 s and 60 °C for 30 s, a final extension of 60 °C for 5 s and a melting curve of 60 °C to 95 °C.
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AHVLA documents have been re-assigned to the new Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA). Although we did not attempt carrier tests, the effective mycobactericidal activity was maintained even under “dirty” conditions that simulate contamination with organic material. Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan, Research Institute of Tuberculosis, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8533, Japan, Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan, You can also search for this author in 1 year in a sealed container if undiluted. M. tuberculosis strain H37Rv, which is a widely used laboratory strain, was susceptible to all the disinfectants we tested. By using this website, you agree to our Readily available and does not cause damage to surfaces. Commercial vinegar could be used at effective concentrations for M. smegmatis or M. tuberculosis in France, where it is sold as 8% acetic acid, but not in the United States or Venezuela, where vinegar is sold as 5% acetic acid. M. tuberculosis strains were cultured in MB broth for 14 days at 37 °C. Our results suggested that more than 1 min treatments with oxydol or cresol soap were promising to eliminate contamination of M. tuberculosis, regardless of drug resistance. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-016-0102-y, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-016-0102-y. Cosmetic and functional material compatibility concerns with brass, zinc, copper, and nickel/silver plating. Other studies have looked at the effect of pH on mycobacterial growth by reducing the pH in the culture media to as low as pH 3 with HCl or pH 5 with citric acid and found that after a couple of days, the number of viable bacteria was reduced by only approximately 1 log10 (14, 15). Since there was no correlation between drug resistance and disinfectant resistance to the M. tuberculosis strains in this study, the drug resistance and the disinfectant resistance might be based on different mechanism in the strains.
The adjusted bacterial culture was diluted to 0.1 of OD650 with fresh MB broth, and then its 100 μl was added into 1 ml of diluted disinfectant in a sterilized tube with screw cap. Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Notes about this list: All EPA-registered pesticides must have an EPA registration number, which consists of a company number and a product number (e.g., 123-45).
J Clin Microbiol. Tuberculosis is still a major cause of death in low to middle-income countries and areas [1]. 2015;3(3):220–34. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Updated link to Defra approved disinfectant system.
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