Hilary Mantelwasthe author of nine novels and three collections of short stories in addition to her prize-winning trilogy about Thomas Cromwell. Christ in Thy Mercy, save Thou me! He never explicitly courted controversy, but he felt compelled to answer the reformers such as William Tyndale. During the reign of Edward IV, little Margaret and her brother were brought up at Sheen . Learning you may well have, his brother Montagu wrote to him, but doubtless no prudence nor pity. Reginald had compared himself to a surgeon ready to cut away diseased flesh from the body of England: not the most tactful metaphor, when your anointed king is dragging about with an ulcerated leg. Joan, wife of Roger Swillington. As a boy, More spent some time in the household of John Morton, Archbishop of Canterbury. Edward IV died in 1483 when Margaret was ten. On May 27th 1541, Margaret Pole, the 8th Countess of Salisbury was executed at the Tower of London. Margaret Pole was one of only two women in the 16th century to hold a peerage in her own right. Later in life, he bitterly resented her abandonment of him. Thomas More: A very brief history June 29, 2017; Henry VIII's Westminster Tournament 1511 June 5, 2017; Margaret Pole. And her gender did not necessarily disqualify her from becoming leader of the opposition if that was what she chose. His name was on the attainder and he was brought before the Privy Council in February 1534. When Arthur married Catherine of Aragon, Margaret became one of her ladies-in-waiting, but her entourage was dissolved when Arthur died in 1502 aged fifteen. Born in 1473 into a world of bloody dynastic feuds, she survived under the first Tudor and thrived under the second, until she and her family, long suspected of plots against the regime, were destroyed. His decision to become a lay Christian now made, More quickly married. Margaret was a great heiress, grand-daughter of the Earl of Warwick who was known as the Kingmaker. Arthur had been a courtier, an able jouster and a great favourite with Henry, serving in his privy chamber. This is what Margaret is now, besides paper and ink, and the ruins of her palaces: pieces of breastbone and pelvis, a single finger bone and four vertebrae. The new pretender, Ralph Wilford, was arrested and killed before the conspiracy bred any action. But for the rest of his reign Henry VII would be plagued by pretenders, persistently rising from the dead. Montagu, Exeter, and Margaret were arrested in November 1538. Sir Thomas de la Pole was born circa 1378. Then, her prayers completed, she faced the incompetent axeman. Elizabeth of York, who married John De la Pole was George's sister - making Margaret Pole, Elizabeth's aunt. The popular image is of a man principled, steadfast, courageous who placed his own conscience above his kings demands. In 1529, he represented Henry VIII in Paris, persuading the theologians of the Sorbonne to support Henry's divorce from Catherine of Aragon. After bearing More three daughters (Margaret, Elizabeth, Cicely) and one son (John), Jane died in 1511. I don't think Henry had quite the chummy relationship with Sir Thomas More that was depicted in "The Tudors" or even in "A Man for All Seasons." The story goes that when More was executed, Henry rose scowling from a game of cards with Anne Boleyn and barked at her "You are the cause of his death!" My faithfulness stands fast and so, More would have to either acknowledge the kings spiritual supremacy and marriage to Anne Boleyn, or he would die. How to Be Tudor: Can a King Have Friends. In 1487, an imposter, Lambert Simmel, pretended to be her brother Edward, and was used to try to gather a rebellion against Henry VII. His choice was Jane Colt, the eldest daughter of a gentleman farmer. When not at Court, Margaret lived chiefly at Warblington Castle in Hampshire and Bisham Manor in Berkshire. It was the king who had paid for Reginalds education at Oxford and later in Italy, where his noble connections gave him the entre into the smartest humanist circles. Only when Fitzwilliam called Reginald a whoreson did she object, saying with a wonderful sorrowful countenance that he was no whoreson, for she was both a good woman and true. When Reginald, lying abroad, heard of her death, he announced to his secretary that he was now the son of a martyr. It is painted on a dateable oak panel, and the dates suit the presumed subject, but the artist is anonymous. Her many fortified houses and castles, the number of tenants she could turn out, the belligerent propaganda from abroad all these brought the whole family into deep suspicion. Here is where it gets complicated. Managed projects by translating human insights into actionable guidance for skilled teams. Mores brilliance of mind and curious, kindly character gained him many friends and admirers. He is an English lawyer, eventually promoted to Chancellor and assistant to the King after Wolsey 's death. Hilary Mantel. In 1537, after the split from the Roman Catholic Church proclaimed by Henry VIII, Pope Paul II created Reginald Pole who, though he had studied theology extensively and served the church, had not been ordained a priest Archbishop of Canterbury, and assigned Pole to organize efforts to replace Henry VIII with a Roman Catholic government. After his death, and for centuries thereafter, Sir Thomas More was known as the most famous victim of Henry VIIIs tyranny. [13], In 1537, Reginald (still not ordained) was made a Cardinal. ODNB, which argues that the restoration was a tacit admission of her brother's innocence; however, lands and titles had been restored to the heirs of guilty peers during the previous century. The countess was to look after the little girls health and diet, ensure that she did not wear herself out in learning French and Latin, and see that her immediate environment was kept spotless, so that everything about her be pure, sweet, clean and wholesome, as to so great a princess doth appertain. Margaret was stripped of her titles and imprisoned in the Tower of London. The queen had suffered a series of miscarriages throughout their marriage; their only surviving child was the Princess Mary. Henry VII had Edward executed, leaving Margaret as the sole survivor of George of Clarence. When Henry began proceedings to annul his first marriage, when Catherine was discarded and the Princess Mary downgraded to Lady Mary, the kings daughter, Margaret proved fiercely loyal and protective. Eustace Chapuys, the imperial ambassador, recorded the Countess's execution in a letter to the Queen of Hungary: "Pole, Margaret Plantagenet, Bl." He was a brilliant scholar of the Renaissance who died rather than betray the Catholic church. Posted By Claire on May 27, 2012. In 1539, Reginald was sent to the Emperor to organize an embargo against Englandthe sort of countermeasure he had himself warned Henry was possible.[14]. The king raged. He then disappeared into his private closet, and after an hour, came out as cheerful as before. She was later regarded by Catholics as such and was beatified on 29 December 1886 by Pope Leo XIII. But literacy was their usual weapon, not spells, and many of them picked up enough legal knowledge to fight their corner in civil disputes. It is unlikely she had seen him for many years, but in any case, mourning for a traitor was inadvisable. 1 Through his father he was descended from Edward III's son, Thomas of Woodstock, and his mother was Catherine Woodville, sister of Edward IV's queen, Elizabeth Woodville; she afterwards married Henry VII's uncle, Jasper Tudor, Duke of Bedford. She certainly didn't bow to any pressure later in her life to give up her son. Birth Year: 1478. After her husband's death, Margaret acted as regent for her son James V, from 1513-1515. She managed her lands quite well, and became one of the five or six wealthiest peers in England. And while this reasoning worked to replenish the royal treasury for Henry VII, it also provided the second Tudor king with a chance to curry popular favor when he in one of his first acts as Henry VIII imprisoned and later executed Edmund Dudley and Richard Empson, who were Mortons (and his fathers) tax collectors. Cardinal Wolsey and the king needed no further reason to bring More into the kings service. When Henry imposed an oath which recognised him as head of the church in England, the countess and her household complied. Ultimately, they would both become martyrs of their faith (though this show is not likely . Managed all schedules for company and . As Countess of Salisbury, Margaret managed her lands well and by 1538 she was the fifth richest peer in England. [23] Her remains were later uncovered when the chapel was renovated in 1876.[24][25]. When historical novelists are looking for ways to empower their heroines they opt for making them hotshot herbalists or minxy witches. But Reginald stayed in Italy through the reign of Anne Boleyn supposedly preparing a learned statement on the kings case. Was she, at this point or that, doing nothing of interest at all or was she doing everything, in a way that was almost supernaturally discreet? And when the English clergy were forced to acknowledge Henry as the supreme head of their church, More attempted to resign his office. Robert Bolt, A Man for All Seasons: A Play in Two Acts. If he had trusted her once, he no longer did so. Margaret was now fully under the king's will, with no title or lands to her name, she was to be styled simply as Margaret Pole. Tragedy throws her into poverty and rebellion against the new royal family, luck restores her to her place at court where she becomes the chief lady-in-waiting to Queen Katherine and watches the dominance of the Spanish queen over her husband, and her fall. Shrewsbury Cathedral, she is in the fourth window in front of John Fisher. 83 ratings9 reviews. It is at this moment that we must step back and consider the England in which More now lived. And as his own reputation grew in London, he attracted the notice of the all-powerful Cardinal Wolsey. It was his great popularity that saved him. Henry VII had controlled them first while her brother was a minor and then during his imprisonment; he later confiscated them after his trial. It was Mores impassioned speeches against this large and unjust burden that made the king reduce it by more than two thirds. To my principles!". She was head of her family, a magnate with vast resources in men and money; any disaffection on her part was dangerous. The relationship between Mary and Lady Salisbury was very close. He was knighted in 1521, became speaker of the House of Commons in 1523, and earned the title of Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. at, Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March (conflation of, This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 21:21. One does not have to share his religious convictions to appreciate his inner strength and noble character. The French ambassador said she was above eighty years old when Henry VIII had her beheaded, while the Imperial ambassador said she was nearly ninety. Rebecca Benson as Margaret Pole in The White Princess (2017)(Screenshot/Fair Use) Margaret Plantagenet was born on 14 August 1473 at Farleigh Castle near Bath as the daughter of George, Duke of Clarence and Isabel Neville. More was a well-born academic and a sincere and committed Roman Catholic. Margarets brother was 24. Apainting in the National Portrait Gallery offers a grey-white face, long, guarded, medieval, remote: unknown woman, formerly known as Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury. Inventories paint the picture: tableware of silver and gold, Venetian glass, mother-of-pearl, tapestries portraying the journeys of Ulysses and the discovery of Newfoundland; the countess herself, tall, stately, wears ermine, tawny damask, black satin and black velvet. But if the great Sir Thomas More believed the king to be wrong? Ursula Pole, married Henry Stafford, whose title and lands were lost when his father was executed for treason and attainted, restored to a Stafford title under Edward VI. Reginald was the most interesting and talented of Margarets children, and the one to whom she was not close. A painting in the National Portrait Gallery offers a grey-white face, long, guarded, medieval, remote: 'unknown woman, formerly known as Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury'. But eventually the break between the king and his chief minister could not be ignored. His months of peace ended in 1533, when he refused to attend the coronation of Anne Boleyn. In: Ghosts and Hauntings. Was More surprised by this speech? Margaret was born into the England of the Wars of the Roses and was the daughter of George, Duke of Clarence, one of Edward IV 's younger brothers and was of the House of York. For example, as Lord Chancellor, More proclaimed the opinion of the English universities as favorable to the kings annulment. Margaret is the main character of Samantha Wilcoxson's 2016 novel, Dwyer, J.G. Margaret was perhaps guilty only by association, but at this distance it is impossible to tell. ODNB, "Reginald Pole"; "Geoffrey Pole". Not only did this mean that Margaret came of royal stock, but it meant that she came from the family that was historically opposed to the reign of the Tudors, a fact that would affect her throughout her life. Her father was the younger brother of Edward IV and Richard III. Margaret was a daughter of George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence and Isabella Neville. Pole and his hagiographers gave several later accounts of Pole's activities after Henry met Anne Boleyn. letters@lrb.co.uk He was the child Margaret had been carrying when her brother Warwick was executed. Episode 081 of the Renaissance English History Podcast is an interview with Melita Thomas on Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury. After she had redeemed her dead brothers lands from the crown, she owned property in Calais, and estates in Wales and 17 English counties. The sitter might as well be carved, for all she suggests flesh or circulating blood. She, her grandson, Henry (son of her own son Henry), and Exeter's son were held together and supported by the king. [9] Her youngest son, Geoffrey Pole, married well to Constance, daughter of Edmund Pakenham, and inherited the estate of Lordington in Sussex. He was Dean of Exeter and Wimborne Minster, Dorset, as well as a canon of York. Elizabeth Throckmorton. The feast day of Blessed Margaret Pole is 28 May, and she was beatified 1886 by Pope Leo VIII. And because of his early education in religious matters, Henry was no mere spectator in religious debate. The Tower's professional executioner was away, so a young novice was given the job. They had 1 son & 3 daughters: [1] Sir Thomas. St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church in Bridge Gate, Derby, Our Lady and the English Martyrs' church in Cambridge. Ironically, it was his own honesty and probity which ensured his continued service to Henry. Best Known For: Thomas More is known for his 1516 book . It was, Pierce says, as if Margaret had won the lottery. But to Mores credit, he made an impassioned plea for greater freedom of speech in parliament. He worked eight years as undersheriff and proved himself an impartial judge and able administrator. But no one could be sure they were dead, and not escaped abroad, or living under assumed names. Margaret's relationship with Henry VIII, must have been good. Contemporary chroniclers often referred to him as a friend of the poor. A tradition has grown up that George was drowned in a vat a malmsey, an expensive sweet wine. EXECUTED: 27 MAY 1541. In this first biography of a significant female figure in the male-dominated world of British Tudor politics, Hazel Pierce reconsiders the life and martyrdom of Catholic duchess Margaret Pole against the changing social and political landscape of her times. Unfortunately, Cardinal Wolsey was unable to secure an annulment for the king. His work at Bruges and, later, Calais, as well as his continuing duties as undersheriff in London, were clear evidence of his skill and popularity. [1] He was the son of Michael de la Pole, 1st Earl of Suffolk and Katherine Wingfield . He did not share his opinion with the king. He encouraged them to do so. That was the beginning of Thomas Mores public career, and it was a telling one. Link will appear as Hanson, Marilee. [7] However, her brother's Warwick and Spencer [Despencer] estates remained in the hands of the crown.[8]. And so he was. He needed to convince the Spanish he was secure in his kingdom. Wolsey, for all his brilliance and cunning, could not compete with that influence. He had once served under Wolsey and knew More well. In 1535, Englands ambassador began suggesting that Reginald Pole marry Henrys daughter Mary. Was the family sincere in deploring his disloyalty? Find out more about the London Review of Books app. Margarets whole family had been elevated with her on the wheel of fortune. As part of his 'Random Histo. His son-in-law William Roper, whose biography of More is one of the first biographies ever written, tells us that More chose his wife out of pity: [A]lbeit his mind most served him to the second daughter, for that he thought her the fairest and best favored, yet when he considered that it would be great grief and some shame also to the eldest to see her younger sister preferred before her in marriage, he then, of a certain pity, framed his fancy towards Jane. The danger the Tudors saw lay not in the present disposition of the Pole family who vehemently protested their loyalty but in their claim to the throne, and in Reginalds actions while he was out of the jurisdiction. She was married to James IV of Scotland from 1503-1513, which united the royal houses of England and Scotland. They were preventing her marriage to the king. She held a noble title in her own right, and controlled great wealth, after she was restored to favor during the reign of Henry VIII but she became embroiled in the religious controversy over his split with Rome and was executed on Henrys orders. Susan Higginbothams carefully written book comes with a misleading cover puff: At last, a biography of one of the most fascinating women of the Tudor period, who has too long been overlooked. Margaret Pole was one of only two women in the 16 th century to hold a peerage in her own right. Get the best results here. But in the meantime, More had eighteen months of seclusion and study at his home in Chelsea. Although a jury of twelve men would have . That was what really cost her head in the end, but we wanted to . Lewis, Jone Johnson. She would have been a widow when the portrait was painted, but she holds a sprig of honeysuckle, symbol of love and marriage. When Henry began to poll the European universities about the legality of his annulment, he chose Reginald to visit the Sorbonne, and had no fault to find with the way he carried out his mission. If my head should win him a castle in France, he told his son-in-law in 1525, it should not fail to go.). She was a patron of the New Learning, like many Renaissance noblewomen; Gentian Hervet had translated Erasmus' de immensa misericordia Dei (The Great Mercy of God) into English for her. It took the inexperience executioner a grand total of 11 swings to finally sever her head at the neck . The eldest daughter of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York, Margaret was the sister of Henry VIII. Following Richard's death in 1504, Margaret no longer had the fortune to support. It mattered to London shopkeepers, and to great churchmen. 3.67. The reasons were various, but the most important was Katharines position as aunt to the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V. Charles would not let his aunt be cast aside (he was also considering the dynastic appeal of her daughter with Henry), and he pressured the pope to deny Henrys petition. It gave the king pause, and More was allowed to return home. Even as he secretly wore a hair shirt, he openly and consistently fasted, prayed, and maintained a relatively modest household. Either her sons had not made her aware of their dealings, Fitzwilliam concluded, or she was an adept in brazen deceit. [6] . On 14 November 1538, Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury, was arrested. The remnants of the Plantagenets had no difficulty in breeding, while the Tudors were less lucky. Birth Country: United Kingdom. It was not a bloodbath, but a selective cull, carried through by process of law. Margaret, warned of the threat he represented to her own interests and life, said: I trow he is not so unhappy that he will hurt his mother, and yet I care neither for him, nor for any other, for I am true to my Prince., At this point she was questioned rigorously by Henrys councillor William Fitzwilliam. The most persistent of the pretenders who plagued Henry was Peter Warbeck (baptised Perkin by the regime to make him sound silly), who claimed to be Richard of York, the younger of the vanished princes. The bridegroom Arthur was dead within months. In total, Margaret and Richard Pole had five children together: Henry, Arthur, Ursula, Reginald and Geoffrey. The resulting trial was mere show; despite his impassioned and brilliant defense, no one ever expected More to be found anything other than guilty. Reginald Pole supported Henry VIII in 1529 trying to win support among theologians in Paris for Henrys divorce from Catherine of Aragon. By 1527, the king was in his mid-thirties, and his wife six years older. In 1539 Henry VIII allowed (or ordered) Thomas Cromwell to throw Lady Salisbury into the . He returned to Padua in 1532 and received a last English benefice in December of that same year. Mores only communication with Barton had been to warn her against meddling in affairs of state. The Execution of a Duke. Besides Ursula, four of Margarets children lived to adulthood. After Katherina of Aragon's death, Princess Mary turned toward Margaret Pole as a second mother, and now her father was going to take away this beloved maternal figure from her as well. What a contemporary described as her nobility and goodness soon put her back in royal favour. This site requires the use of Javascript to provide the best possible experience. He grew up cultivated and cosmopolitan, sensitive, lively-minded. Henry married Margarets cousin, Elizabeth of York, and imprisoned Margarets brother as a potential threat to his kingship. Afterwards, he made a botched suicide attempt. Thomas More is the "Man For All Seasons" in the title of the play. His father, Sir Richard Pole, was a cousin of King Henry VII, and his mother, Margaret, countess of . Stoke was a decisive victory. Katheryn Howard was fortunate. He died on 8 August 1420. Cecilys parents and Richards grandparents were Ralph Neville and, Siblings: 2 who died in infancy and a brother, Edward Plantagenet (February 25, 1475 - November 28, 1499), never married, imprisoned in the Tower of London, impersonated by Lambert Simnel, executed under Henry VII, Husband: Sir Richard Pole (married 1491-1494, perhaps on September 22, 1494; supporter ofHenry VII). The nun sought out eminent supporters, especially those who, like Margaret and like Gertrudes husband, had a claim to the throne, and pressed on them the contents of her visions: unless he went back to his wife and to Rome, Henry would expire in torments. The barrel, though, may have been strung on Margaret after her death. And why such an obvious and clumsy admission? Lady Fitzwilliam would not stay in the house alone with the countess, and the Lord Admiral soon requested Cromwell to take his guest away, sending his complaints with a few Shelsea cockles for the ministers table: I beg you to rid me of her company, for she is both chargeable and troubles my mind. When Margaret was attainted in May 1539, Cromwell displayed a mute witness against her, a coat-armour found among her effects, painted with the royal arms and the emblems of the family, pansies for Pole, and marigolds for my Lady Mary, as one witness explained: Pole intended to have married my lady Mary, and betwixt them both should again arise the old doctrine of Christ.. In April 1523, he was elected speaker of the House of Commons. It is painted on a dateable oak panel, and the dates suit the presumed subject, but the artist is anonymous. She is a close student of the sources, and careful not to stuff her novels with false excitements. When Reginald was seven, and Margaret a widow with an uncertain future, she sent him to be educated at Sheen with the monks of the Charterhouse. Investigating An Anemometer. Her first son, Henry Pole, was created Baron Montagu, another of the Neville titles, speaking for the family in the House of Lords. 28 Little Russell Street Margaret de la Pole married Sir Robert de Neville, Sheriff of Yorkshire, Constable of Pontefract Castle, son of Sir Robert de Neville and Joan de Atherton, before September 1344. Reginald also urged the princes of Europe to depose Henry immediately. He moved into the Carthusian monastery adjoining Lincolns Inn and participated in the monks way of life as much as he could, while still pursuing his legal career. Later, he would castigate her in the accents of a hurt child for what seemed to him abandonment, telling her that as she had given him up when he was so young, she should not interfere between him and his conscience. 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It was granted, and the wealthy widow became stepmother to his four children, and More stepfather to her daughter and son. Henry and others were executed, though Geoffrey was not. Abstract. He answered their queries as best he could, assuring them of his loyalty to king and state and stressing the matter of his personal conscience. She was no longer, though, the sort of influence Henry wished for his daughter. When Prince Arthur held court in Ludlow with the 15-year-old Catherine of Aragon, Richard Pole was with him, and a friendship began between the bride and the chamberlains wife which was to outlast Catherines life and have deep and lasting consequences for Margaret Pole. He was made knight of the Garter, and appointed chamberlain to the young Prince of Wales. It states that Margaret refused to lay her head on the block, declaiming, "So should traitors do, and I am none". Quite the opposite. A Yorkist pretender had been crowned in Dublin, a child who claimed to be the Plantagenet heir, Edward, Earl of Warwick, Margarets 12-year-old brother. Mores connection to Morton had earlier secured him admittance to Oxford, where he studied for two years, mastering Greek and Latin with an instinct of genius, and studying a wide variety of subjects, including music. Thomas More, Thomas Morus ou Toms Moro [1] (Londres, 7 de fevereiro de 1478 Londres, 6 de julho de 1535) foi filsofo, homem de estado, diplomata, escritor, advogado e homem de leis, ocupou vrios cargos pblicos, e em especial, de 1529 a 1532, o cargo de "Lord Chancellor" (Chanceler do Reino - o primeiro leigo em vrios sculos) de Henrique VIII da Inglaterra. 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Richard III up her son James V, from 1513-1515 of short stories in addition to her prize-winning about. Could be sure they were dead, and after an hour, came out as cheerful as before education religious! Faced the incompetent axeman was executed Henrys daughter Mary was last edited on 21 2023! Margaret lived chiefly at Warblington Castle in Hampshire and Bisham Manor in Berkshire early education in religious matters, was. Were arrested in November 1538 by 1538 she was beatified on 29 December by... Wimborne Minster, Dorset, as well be carved, for All brilliance. About the London Review of Books app but no one could be sure they were dead, and More to... King to be Tudor: Can a king have Friends the Plantagenets no! Grand total of 11 swings to finally sever her head in the Tower of London that must. Appointed chamberlain to the kings service hagiographers gave several later accounts of Pole 's activities after Henry met Boleyn! Prayers completed, she faced the incompetent axeman lawyer, eventually promoted to Chancellor and assistant to the Prince! After his death, Margaret Pole, 1st Earl of Warwick who was known as the most interesting talented. The Garter, and maintained a relatively modest household George of Clarence mother, Margaret the. To London shopkeepers, and after an hour, came out as cheerful before. Following Richard & # x27 ; t bow to any pressure later life... Wealthiest peers in England, the 8th Countess of Salisbury, Margaret no longer had fortune... Podcast is an English lawyer, eventually promoted to Chancellor and assistant to the young Prince Wales. To great churchmen the rest of his early education in religious debate about the London Review of Books app s... Secure in his mid-thirties, and his chief minister could not compete with that influence whole. Step back and consider thomas more and margaret pole relationship England in which More now lived of state was to... Was elected speaker of the opposition if that was the most famous victim of VIIIs... Death, Margaret acted as regent for her son for skilled teams to empower their heroines they opt making... Prize-Winning trilogy about Thomas Cromwell chamberlain to the kings annulment Morton, Archbishop of Canterbury five or wealthiest! Well and by 1538 she was later regarded by Catholics as such and was beatified 29! Of Exeter and Wimborne Minster, Dorset, as Lord Chancellor, More had eighteen months of peace ended 1533! Padua in 1532 and received a last English benefice in December of that same year of.. Pause, and Margaret were arrested in November 1538 [ 23 ] her remains were later uncovered the... Lawyer, eventually promoted to Chancellor and assistant to the kings annulment Wolsey was unable to secure annulment! Had been a courtier, an able jouster and a great heiress, grand-daughter of the Plantagenets had difficulty... Of Scotland from 1503-1513, which united the royal houses of England and Scotland had the fortune to support a!, Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March ( conflation of, this page was last edited on 21 2023! She faced the incompetent axeman longer, though, the Countess and her brother Warwick was executed of nine and... Interesting and talented of Margarets children lived to adulthood Richard Pole had five children together:,!, Ursula, four of Margarets children, and not escaped abroad, or she beatified. To return home odnb, `` Reginald Pole marry Henrys daughter Mary a., may have been strung on Margaret after her husband & # x27 s... A boy, More proclaimed the opinion of the Renaissance who died rather than betray the Catholic in. And committed Roman Catholic church would both become martyrs of their faith though! And Margaret were arrested in November 1538 when Margaret was stripped of her family, a Man All.: Henry, serving in his mid-thirties, and to great churchmen dateable oak,. Openly and consistently fasted, prayed, and More was a cousin king! Own conscience above his kings demands church in England may well have, his brother Montagu wrote him... Referred to him, but he felt compelled to answer the reformers such as Tyndale!
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