I lived in Tuscola, Ill. in the 1950s, and remember clearly one of the famous Dont let the sun set on you here admonition signs in an alley off Main St. by the Drug Store. . WebCicero was a sundown town. Hosted by Tougaloo College, Tougaloo, MS, 39174 and facilitated by Pantheon. In 25, the forest preserve park was established. Ask the librarian in charge of the local history collection if he or she knows anything about the absence of African Americans. The population density was 1,296.5 inhabitants per square mile (500.6/km2). Around that time, the slogan in Edina became: Not one Negro and not one Jew, and except for live-in servants, it didnt have any. Its by tradition.. This article is about the city in Illinois. The population was 5,138 at the 2000 The sun sets over a field outside of Anna, Illinois. Claim: A photograph shows a sign in a "sundown town" in 2022 that reads "Whites only within city limits after dark." Data for 1990 and 2000 is at census.gov via Census 2000.. Ive never had anybody say anything (racist) to me in Vienna, but Ive definitely felt the way they felt about me.. I am proud to join you in making such a commitment on this historic occasion for the people of Monticello. We really wish wed visited sooner. Sundown towns are communities that for decades were "all white" on purpose. The average annual gross income in Buffalo is $31494. I cant stop the tears. I asked my friends Dad about the sign and he informed me that, Were in White County (IN), Home of the KKK. With Tashan Thornton, Michael Haggerty, Alec Lajtos, Michael Mazzone. The Rotary Club was formed in 24. He was coasting to slow down from the 55mph speed limit to 45mph when he saw the speed limit sign. The Birth of Sundown Towns. After all, UUs did play a major role in abolishing slavery and after the Civil War in inviting African Americans to move to their communities. Sundown towns are communities that for decadesformally or informallykept out African Americans or other groups. WebThe House and Gardens. ullstein bild/Getty Images The Chicago suburb of Cicero was one of the most infamous sundown towns to ever exist in Illinois. If he hasnt felt the sting of outright racism in Vienna, hes exhausted by how residents constantly watch him. For a long time there were very very few Blacks in this county, and then they started easing back in, he said. New Washington School was constructed in 1956. WebHome Sundown Towns How to Research and Teach About Sundown Towns Illinois Sundown Towns James W. Loewen (1942-2021) We mourn the loss of our friend and A Black truck driver named Gideon recently had an experience in a sundown town when he was delivering a load in Vidor, Texas. 10 per pound, flour was 4-6 cents per lb, bacon was 4-6 cents per lb, potatoes were 25 cents per bushel. Race isnt a big problem around here, said Bill Stevens, a white retired prison guard with a gentle smile, drinking beer with friends on a summer afternoon. Eventually note the towns whiteness, year after year, and ask, Have you ever heard that [name of town] used to keep out blacks? Maybe mention that some nearby towns (by name) used to do so and follow by asking if this community had the same policy. Virginia Commonwealth University that mapped the Klans, These Are The 10 Most Boring Cities In Illinois, These Are The 10 Best Places To Live In Illinois, These Are The 10 Worst Places To Live In Illinois, These Are The 10 Snobbiest Places In Illinois. We measured the places in the Prairie State where there have historically been the most Klaverns per capita. But he also believes his family should leave. Monticello & Sangamon Valley Railroad Museum. When youre looking at the places in Illinois with the highest number of KKK Klaverns per capita back in the day, this is an accurate list. WebThe Medina tribune. Around here, almost no one talks openly about the violence that drove out Black residents nearly 70 years ago, or even whispers the name these places were given: sundown towns.. But he estimates that after the fires, perhaps 50 people fled the town. Well by golly, look at the clock! In 61, the Monticello Railroad Company was founded. When you click through real estate links on our site, we earn an affiliate commission. The per capita income for the city was $16,954. The 1950 census showed 54 Black people living in Vienna. Bear in mind that these folks dont want to say anything bad about their town if they can help it. The most memorable movement of the KKK started in the 1950s, which was involved in the Civil Rights movement, and which targeted the black population in America. But with her oldest grandson edging up on adolescence, she knows they should leave soon, before they have to worry about such things as confrontations with police. Whether its the white vs. black hate crime that we are so used to being part of Americas culture, or todays hate crime (gay bashing), it never seems to end. Rhoades and Son clothing store. Pekins reputation as a racist community would have been solidified in 1923 when O.W. High school runners started strolling down the new track in 1977. Specifically, we analyzed research out of Virginia Commonwealth University that mapped the Klans in each area and gave a history of their recruitment from 1915-1940. Independent sundown towns range in size from hamlets like Alix, Arkansas, population 185, to large cities like Appleton, Wisconsin, with 57,000 residents in 1970. Chasing Chains, LLC. Harris has custody of three grandkids while Lewis cares for the fourth, an 18-month-old in Spiderman pajamas on a recent afternoon. You have to know somebody who lived it, or live it yourself, to truly understand.. However, he was skeptical that Pekin had truly made progress in embracing diversity. The third floor of the building, after Rhoades moved out, turned into a basketball court and a roller-skating rink. Pekin lost more people than Peoria in the 2020 Census: How can the drop be reversed? The elderly prosecutor looked at my son, then at me, then at his papers and stated that he would ask the judge to have my son to 2 years of jail time and a fine of about $5000.00 plus court costs and have his drivers license taken away for 10 years. Take a drive around present-dayPekin and you will notice Confederate flags popping up all over the place., Who was Uriah Crosby? Now, Buck didnt live in a nice, fancy mansion on Millionaires Row (now called N. State Street): all the huge mansions and downtown businesses werent even in the planning works yet. Old Washington School was built in 1894. I remember being taught that, if we went on vacation and someone asked where we were from, to answer Peoria.' In person registration only at the municipal building 210 N. Hamilton. A sundown town as explained by James W. Loewen, a former sociology professor at the University of Vermont and author of Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism, refers to a town, neighborhood, or community with a wholly white population, created intentionally by systematically keeping out ethnic minorities. We will be stopping frequently now. Its complicated, he added, because most people are friendly once they know him. In the fall of 2001, I visited my hometown of Decatur, Illinois, to headline the second Decatur Writers Conference. Ultimately, the person decided that working in Pekin was preferable to being unemployed. New York: The New Press, 2005. Really, we got a good country, and I think there is probably some racism going on. But the activity spread after the Civil War and Hes an unassuming man deeply in love with his young son, Nick. In person registration only at the municipal building 210 N. Hamilton. So do bound volumes of the census at your local public or university library. Letter from Reagan To the citizens of Monticello, Illinois, I am pleased to send warm greetings for the 150th anniversary of Monticello. [13], Coordinates: 383742N 885654W / 38.6282N 88.9482W / 38.6282; -88.9482. Bryce and Mitchell's trip home is disrupted after making a pit stop in a mysteriously unwelcoming town. The Black community, from that point on, disappeared from Vienna, said Darrel Dexter, a historian and high school teacher who has studied the violence of 1954. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.72%.[10]. What about within the county? The Monticello Railway Museum is one of the best places to visit in Illinois period. We mourn the loss of our friend and colleague and remain committed to the work he began. Soon more settlers arrived. WebMonticello Rec. One day after he surrendered, he was sentenced to 180 years in prison. This opera house seated 500 people. 1955 was when the General Cable plant was constructed next to the current location of Shopko. An Indiana resident who used to travel to Lake Schaffer for the summer stated, I vividly recall a faded billboard on the south side of Hwy 24 enroute to the lake that declared, This is a Sun Down Town. In 93, the Monticello Womans Club was organized (Yes, I understand that has nothing to do with anything but, moving on now). We wanted to take a close look at systemic racism, trying to understand how something that is so crushingly obvious to some people can be utterly invisible to others. The Show Gets Started In 1837, a committee was made up of four was formed to help decide how to really build a town. 1890s-1900s. Every time I walk around, eyes are on me.. [2] Town Creek flows through the east side of the city, running to Crooked Creek just south of the city limits. The population was 1,539. For example, if you hear that your town once had a black or interracial neighborhood and learn its location, check land ownership documents and deeds of sale. They are so named because some marked their city limits with placards like the one a former resident of Manitowoc, Wisconsin, remembers from the early 1960s: Nigger, Dont Let The Sun Go Down On You In Our Town. The term itself was rarely used east of Ohio, but intentionally white communities were common in the East, indeed throughout the nationexcept in the traditional South, where they were rare. This includes T-Ball, P-Nut League, 1st-3rd grade coach pitch baseball & 1st-4th grade coach pitch softball. WebFind North Central Region, FL land for sale, under contract and sold properties for over 500 Acres . Residents do not want to be known as excluding, especially on racial or religious grounds, because that would say bad things about themthat they are racist, for one. They are not what youd expect to find here. We all watch the news with horror when we hear about a hate crime that happens not that far away from us. Everyone who lived there was Black. But it was also the home of U.S. Sen. Everett Dirksen, whose support helped ensure the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. They had seven children: William, John, RIchard, Anna, Noah, Jacob, and James Jr. Jacob was the first white child born in Monticello. Davis had been arrested for his part in an altercation with arailroad special agentwho had noticed Davis riding on top of a railroad boxcar with another Black man. Wednesday, February 23, 2022 The Interactive Map of Sundown Towns In the United States some neighborhoods and towns have traditionally managed to largely exclude non-white residents. The believed-to-be second settler, James Martin, arrived in 1822 from Ohio. The population was 49,791 at the 2010 Census, and increased to 56,545 in the Census 2016 estimates. Closing Statement I am proud to share all this great info about the history of our town. I also remember hearing that area towns of Arcola, Monticello, and Villa Grove were sundown towns'(2004) Monticello is in Piatt County and is one of the best places to live in Illinois. His use of "even" implies that such an acknowledgement might be outlandish. Hate groups can be hard to measure, because typically, theres no record of where they exist. In a follow-up article on July 24, 1933, the Times acknowledged that Davis hasty departure from Pekin was not an isolated incident. This is all true info that I have found throughout some of the books Ive read. After taking those actions, which could be done by adopting a statement proposed by UU folks at the next city council meeting, the town will need to take steps to overcome the legacy of its sundown past. Author: Sundown towns in Southern Illinois should acknowledge racist past, take steps to change. Were in Piatt County, not Macon County! Chris Harden 50.6K subscribers Subscribe 5.6K Share 338K views 2 years ago ANNA Anna, Illinois in 2020 is Dozens of armed men took to the streets of Vienna and the surrounding fields, backed up by bloodhounds and spotters in low-flying planes. This report is an analysis of the locations of historic KKK organizations divided by the number of people who currently live there. African Americans were among the earliest residents of what became Edina, for example, the most prestigious suburb of Minneapolis, but in the years after World War I they were barred from its newer subdivisions, and by 1930 they had moved into Minneapolis. (This is the raw data of the census, available on the web and at large libraries and genealogical collections on microfilm.) When (the older woman) went to high school, "there were no black people." Robert Huston opened Huston and Company. Martin met Abraham in Springfield in 1824. This part of southern Illinois had at least a half-dozen sundown towns. The population in 1930 was 2,381. Which of your works would you like to tell your friends about? Forgot your password? His books include "Lies My Teacher Told Me" and "Sundown Towns." After the civil rights era of the 1960s, Pekin had a reputation as a sundown town, largely due to a sign that reportedly was affixed to the old Pekin Bridge in the The population was 5,138 at the 2000 census, and 5,374 at a 2009 estimate. But yes, every one of these towns prohibited black residents, and so, that evening, the idea that intentional sundown towns were everywhere in America, or at least everywhere in the Midwest, hit me right between the eyes. Molly Parker Jul 15, 2020 Jul 15, 2020 Updated Nov 20, 2020; 0; 1944-1987 Kaisers Department Store opened in the current location of the Monticello Gym Academy in 44. For the visitor, it offers a railroad museum, an art-and-sculpture garden, and some beautiful historic homes. In Martinsville, Indiana, a 21-year-old Black woman, Carol Jenkins, was stabbed to death after dark while selling encyclopedias. Since finishing my book, Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism, I have hoped that Unitarian Universalists would step up and take the lead in abolishing the barriers that keep these communities from accepting black residents. Towns like Utica, Ohio, and Goshen, Ind., are beginning to come to terms with a legacy of racism that has largely evaded history books. Swipe left for slideshow. That's why the list is headed "Possible Sundown Towns in IL" (my italics). However, Fisher, Mahomet, Tolono, Rantoul and Homer mentioned in the article and by Rohn Koester, who appeared before the Champaign County Board almost surely were sundown towns. Monticello is a town in Illinois with a population of 5,815. Ive had Black friends. Farm prices back in 1917 were fabulous. This story was produced with the support of the Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting. Nokomis. Sundown towns werent always all-white. The list consists of 47 members. In an article in the Pekin Daily Times on Sept. 14, 2014, reporter Sharon Woods Harris wrote that the Pekin Human Rights Committeeworked to combat the citys racist reputation by hosting a diversity festival downtown. On the 3rd floor was the Rhoades Opera House. The 1865-1870s movement sought to overthrow Republican state governments. Between 1890 and 1968, thousands of towns across the United States drove out their black populations or took steps to forbid African Americans from living in them. Mr. Flippo started cooking some of our favorite Italian food in 1971. (About one other town, Sadorus, mentioned in the article, I have no information other than the 1990 census, which shows a population of 469, all white. There were a total of 57 cities with at least 1 Klavern in Illinois during the time period of reference. WebThe unemployment rate in Monticello is 4.3% (U.S. avg. I remember hearing stories of miniature race riots in the stands at the football games when Pekin played Manual. Create a Website Account - Manage notification subscriptions, save form progress and more. This censuswebsite provides the racial proportions of every town in the country with more than 2,500 inhabitants for the years 1860-1980. The statue originally stood in Washington, D.C. but was displaced by highway construction in 1961 and moved to Salem, Bryan's birthplace, with formal Congressional approval in 1974. Greenwood is a city in Johnson County, Indiana, United States. Find nearby land, ranches, & farms for sale. WebSundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism Book Non-fiction. Often as a suburb formed or shortly thereafter, it got rid of black residents who lived there prior to incorporation. In 1951, during the heyday of Route 66, 3,500 whites rioted against a black man for trying to rent an apartment in town. In 1986, Bill & Sandys IGA opened at the current location of County Market. In a letter to the editor about the racist acts, lifelong Pekin resident Richard Mahogany acknowledged that pledges from Luft and other city officials to clean the victims car, replace her tiresand vigorously pursue the perpetrators were proper and gracious gestures. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. Hightower concurred that there is always room for improvementbut added that striving for improvement is the way communities and individuals better themselves. Thank you for sharing this page with a friend! This building has 3 stories and a basement. In 1842, the first stage coach service opened from Decatur to Urbana. 1987 was the year of that very special anniversary. Unions, Organized Labor? The article speculated that Pekin gained its reputation because of a pre-Civil War incident in which Black crewmembers of a riverboat became drunk and decided to take over the running of the town. City officials, the article said, responded by fitting the carousers for balls and chains and forcing them to perform several weeks of community service. Pekin likely gained its reputation morethan a century ago, and events throughout history built on the notoriety. The population was 2,832. The two African-Americans were continually harassed. Confirmed examples near Champaign County include Arcola, DeLand, Monticello and Paxton. Sundown suburbs could be even larger, such as Glendale, a suburb of Los Angeles; Levittown, on Long Island; and Warren, a Detroit suburb. There are 673 Black Pekin residents, making up just over 2% of the town's population of 33,857, according to the latest census data. US 151 Monticello Traffic News; US 151 Peosta Traffic News; US 151 Marion Traffic News; US 151 Ely Traffic News; US 151 Springville Traffic News; US 151 Fairfax Traffic News; US 151 Homestead Traffic News The grandchildren are biracial. Sundown Towns -- There Are Still 137 Sundown Towns Across 21 States. In 2010, the U.S. census said there were 1,434 people in Vienna. These areas have managed to enforce racial segregation through either intimidation or discriminatory local laws, or a combination of both. If so, attend its next meeting, after talking with its leader. Growing up, I knew these towns were all white, but it never occurred to me that this might be on purpose. The population was 5,138 at the 2000 census, and 5,374 at a 2009 estimate. Many town residents have confirmed that the town was indeed sundown, and there were window signs up that were intended more to ease whites.. Also, check vertical files (newspaper clippings) on blacks, Negroes, segregation, Ku Klux Klan, and related topics. By James Loewen. Some people might think this is more boring than the Science lessons were last year. Peter K. Hull was one of the first doctors in town. Sundown towns are rare in the South but common in the rest WebComments. Most people dont know how it really got up to speed. For other places containing the same term, see, This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties, "P1. 2018. WebSundown towns occur throughout central Illinois. Capone came to Chicago in 1921 to manage the Four Deuces Club, casino, and bordello. WebDe Land is a village in Piatt County, Illinois, United States. [8], At the 2000 census there were 7,909 people in 3,249 households, including 2,082 families, in the city. 32.3% of households were one person and 17.2% were one person aged 65 or older. Their collection is amazing. For decades, Salem had signs on each main road going into town telling African Americans that they were not allowed in town after sundown. Webt. will take Late ball registration until spots are full. We got a few more families in here now, but we get along good.. VIENNA, Illinois Ask around this time-battered Midwestern town, with its empty storefronts, dusty antique shops and businesses that have migrated toward the interstate, and nearly everyone will tell you that residents get along really well. Loewen, the historian, says the number is clearly dropping, categorizing many as recovering sundown towns, where organized resistance to Black residents has ended but the racial divide can remain wide. ), Kacich wrote that the Champaign County Board was "even told to acknowledge that a number of communities in Champaign County had been so-called 'sundown towns.'". She and her husband moved to Vienna about 10 years ago from northern Illinois, chasing work and a cheaper cost of living. Also, if you have a comment about a particular piece of work on this website, please go to the page where that work is displayed and post a comment on it. I dont want my son raised down here, he said. Some old sundown towns are now integrated. Bullshit! an older white man shouted at Vaughn, after she said Black people arent treated equally. In 1841, the first jail was built. Meaning, the number of racist members of the community has historically been the highest, according to the math. Warren is more blunt, pounding his fist on a particle-board table when he gets really angry. Nathan died in 1902 of natural causes. I believe Pekin is moving toward a more diverse community, even though the African-American population is only 2%, he said. This building was originally part of the high school. These towns openly discriminated against Black residents and visitors, and violence was a common tactic. Copyright 2023 Nexstar Media Inc. All rights reserved. Males had a median income of $31,811 versus $21,931 for females. But while legal protections and changing mores have lessened the power of sundown towns, there are still plenty of them with well-known racist histories. Initially, I imagined I would find maybe ten of these communities in Illinois, where I planned more research than in any other single state, and perhaps fifty across the country. The result is the following list of the most racist cities in the Prairie State: Read on below to see how we crunched the numbers and how Stanford end up as the most racist place in Illinois. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.91. Understand [ edit] History [ edit] Monticello's first resident was George Haworth. 1890s-1900s In 1891, the first electricity was used. Begin gently, maybe by asking what the towns major employers used to be. In 1945, the Shorts, a black family from Los Angeles, bought a home in Fontana. History and Social Justice Website Copyright 2023, Using Lies My Teacher Told Me and Teaching What Really Happened, Resources for Teaching with Lies My Teacher Told Me, Teachers Corner: Teaching with Lies My Teacher Told Me, Contact Jim Loewen to Speak to Your Group, Causing Change With Lies My Teacher Told Me, Works Inspired or Influenced by Lies My Teacher Told Me, Useful Quotations about History and Social Justice, Native American Issues, Including the Explorers, Teaching Slavery, the Civil War, and Reconstruction, Civil Rights Movement to Modern Times: c. 1945 Now, Alphabetical Map of Sundown Towns by State, How to Research and Teach About Sundown Towns, Using Research Information to Help a Sundown Town Overcome Its Past, Loewens Work on Standardized Testing Used by Others, Embarrassing Questions about Standardized Tests. Notice Confederate flags popping up all over the place., who was Uriah Crosby by. 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