He told his followers that they were not Americans and therefore owed no allegiance to the American flag and could refuse to serve in its military. [25] In 1933, he began signing his name "W. F. Muhammad", which stands for "Wallace Fard Muhammad". Fard and his teachings are also referenced in many hip-hop songs. Fard appears in the novel Middlesex, by Jeffrey Eugenides, in which Fard's Detroit Temple No. Farrakhan referred to the knowledge that Fard passed onto the NOI as actual facts. (The speech is at the Nations Web site at www.noi.org.). ", so I don't know. Clegg, a history professor at the University of Indiana at Bloomington, responded: The version of the story that characterizes Fard as being of Pakistani descent and having a criminal background seems to have some validity, though neither allegation has been conclusively proven. "Fard, W. D. (c. 1877-1934), Religious and Political Leader It's strange that he never attempted further contact with his followers, however. However, Minister Malcolm X and other leaders of the Nation of Islam have emphatically denied any past connection whatsoever of Elijah Muhammad, Master Wallace Fard Muhammad, or their movement with Nobel Drew Ali's Moorish American Science Temple."[57]. Officially, the NOI believes Fard departed Earth via supernatural means. "[62], Fard's lessons actually state that the "traders" referenced by Beynon, came to Africa, not Mecca.[63]. He advocated community members to establish and own their own businesses,[13] eat healthy, raise families, and refrain from drugs and alcohol. 44 records found for Wallace Rd, Oswego, KS 67356. There is no consensus about Master Fard's identity. Finally, the community contributed money and rented a hall to serve as a temple where meetings were conducted. Tracing Ford's link to Portland, the FBI determined he had married an 18-year-old Native American girl in 1914 called Pearl Allen. The FBI opened an investigation into Fard in 1957 and closed it a year later in 1958. What seems most remarkable is that Fard seems to have utterly disappeared from the governments (especially the FBIs) radar after leaving Detroit in 1933. Fard offered blacks a credo of moral and cultural superiority to their white oppressors. A variety of other claims emerged; that he went to Hawaii, New Zealand, and even to the Middle East. But I am not the same person who taught Elijah Muhammad and I am not God. This cursory bit of knowledge was enough to satisfy my curiosity for many years, during which my contact with the Nation of Islam was limited to regularly buying bean pies from neatly dressed men standing on Livernois who were also peddling the groups newspaper, The Final Call. He taught a unique form of religion which was based on Islam to members of the city's African-American population. But over time his ideology began to shift. Following his disappearance, Elijah Muhammad succeeded him as the chief of the Nation of Islam. [52] One theory postulated is that Fard was of Afghan heritage. His concepts attracted hundreds of followers to the Allah Temple of Islam (ATI), as he called his group. WebThe FBIs FOIA Library contains many files of public interest and historical value. The NOI teaches that Wallace Fard Muhammad was an avatar of Allah, who came to America to educate on this forgotten history. Karriem cited a quotation from a book entitled Secret Rituals of the Lost-Found Nation of Islam, authored by Wallace D. Fard Muhammad, which read, The believer must be stabbed through the heart. This quote, as well as another stating, Every son of Islam must gain a victory from a devil. 9 Mysterious Disappearances of People Other Than Amelia Earhart, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wallace-D-Fard, Wallace D. Fard - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). })(); Ethnicity of Celebs | EthniCelebs.com 2023. The FBI then tracked down Wallie D. Ford's caucasian ex-wife, Hazel Evalsizer, living in LA. In contrast to Fards story, Karl Evanzz, noted NOI authority and author of The Messenger: The Rise and Fall of Elijah Muhammad, has argued that Fard was born Wali Dodd Fard in New Zealand in 1893. Learn how your comment data is processed. [36][bettersourceneeded], A declassified Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) memorandum dated May 16, 1957, states: "From a review of instant file it does not appear that there has been a concerted effort to locate and fully identify W. D. Fard. https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/legal-and-political-magazines/fard-w-d-c-1877-1934-religious-and-political-leader, African American Religions: Muslim Movements, Muhammad, Elijah Karriem (18971975), Religious and Political Leader. Corrections? Members of the movement believe Fard to be the incarnation of Allh, and his birthday, February 26, is observed as Saviours Day. He told followers he was born in the holy city of Mecca, and his light-skinned appearance, courtesy of his Russian Jewish mother, was pre-ordained so that he could more easily mix with white people. This new movement, known as the Temple People, identifies the prophet, Mr. W. D. Fard, with the God, Allah. Others have suggested that he was a Druze or a Shiite."[51]. The NOI teaches that Wallace Fard Muhammad was an avatar of Allah, who came to America to educate on this forgotten history. [20] Fard prepared texts that served as authoritative manuals of the faith and were memorized verbatim by his followers. WebWallace D. Fard aka Wallace Fard Muhammad / f . Fard snuck back into Detroit in January 1933, but was identified by authorities, arrested in May and again ordered to leave the city. ", Fard used the name "W. F. Muhammad" on several lessons written in 1933 and 1934. Black Muslims He spoke as a guest at the NOI temples in Detroit and Chicago. But I don't get that instant feeling of recognition and "wow, these guys are obviously the same person! [11] In 2020, it attracted an estimated 14,000 participants. Contemporary American Religion. His main goal, he often stated, was to bring salvation to African-Americans, whom he often referred to as his lost uncle in the wilderness of North America.. Fard, also known as Wallace Fard Muhammad, had a murky past. Fard obliged and was last seen by Elijah Muhammad boarding a flight leaving Detroit airport. Reyes | Finn exhibit brings together more than 150 Detroit artists, Taurus Burns embraces his zebra stripes in Created Equal, Four queer, Black women explore the aftermath of heartbreak in Detroit art show. He arrived in Detroits Paradise Valley on July 4, 1930, in order to achieve this goal. [55] Authors have also cited E. U. Essien-Udom for this proposition as well. Sources: Immigration record of Khanialam Khan https://familysearch.org, FBI report on Wallace Fard Muhammad https://vault.fbi.gov, Mugshots of Wallace Fard Muhammad and Wallie Dodd Ford https://www.findagrave.com, Marriage record of Fred Dodd and Pearl Allen https://www.ancestry.com, Prison file of Wallie Dodd Ford https://www.ancestry.com, Draft registration card of Wallie Dodd Ford https://familysearch.org, Wallie D. Ford on the 1920 U.S. Census https://familysearch.org, Birth record of Fords son, Wallace Max Ford https://familysearch.org, Marriage record of Wallie Dodd Ford and Carmen Trevino https://familysearch.org, William D. Fard on the 1930 U.S. Census https://familysearch.org, Nation of Islam article refuting claims of Dodd and Muhammad being the same person https://www.noi.org. Essien-Udom, E. U. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Officials said he came to the United States from Asia.". In 1934 he disappeared without a trace. But it's a dead end - as far as anybody in the country, or indeed the world is concerned, Wallace Fard Muhammed no longer exists. [14] He influenced his successor Elijah Muhammad, Malcolm X and many other Black Nationalist thinkers. He was drawn to return to the United States in order to liberate the African-Americans from their half-slave and half-free condition. This would suggest he was, in fact, diabetic. He appeared in Detroit in 1930 and made a living as a street merchant. He taught us the truth of how we were made 'slaves' and how we are kept in slavery by the 'slave-masters children. He taught a unique form of religion which was based on Islam to members of the city's African-American population. April 15, 2022. Harris was later declared mentally unbalanced, pleaded guilty and was imprisoned, while Fard and Ali were released. r d / (born February 26, 1877) was a co-founder of the Nation of Islam. Officially, the NOI believes Fard departed Earth via supernatural means. If he indeed became Fard that would tie in with his advocacy of Islam. Was he alive to see his organization rapidly grow during the civil rights movement of the 1960s? A fully equipped kitchen is available with all of the cooking essentials including a Keurig coffee maker w/coffee and hot cocoa. Fred gave his age as 23 and his birthplace as Europe. The FBI were confident that Wallace Dodd Ford was, in fact, Wallace Fard Muhammad. Fard taught that approximately 6,000 years ago a black scientist named Yakub conducted gene-manipulation experiments that resulted in the creation of the inferior white race. PRAISE HIS HOLY NAME! In 1933, Fard disappeared and a power struggle within the NOI emerged. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. [12], Fard taught a form of black exceptionalism and self-pride to poor Southern blacks during the Great Northward Migration at a time when old ideas of scientific racism were prevalent. When nothing further was heard from him, some rumored that he had been killed by police. But he's certainly not black like he claimed. Updates? Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Trevino was a 22-year-old native of Mexico also living in Los Angeles. There is only one known, authenticated photograph of "Wallace Fard Muhammad", which depicts him as a light-skinned, caucasian-looking man: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f3/Wallace_Fard_Muhammad.jpg. WebWallace Fard, also known as Master Wali Farrad Muhammad, founded the Lost and Found Nation of Islam and served as its leader until his mysterious disappearance in the early 1930s. I am your brother. He also gave his fathers birthplace as Argentina and his mothers birthplace as Oregon. I guess so, because if you compare their features (ears, nose, chin, mouth, eyes and eyebrows), they're very similar. On the 1930 U.S. Census, a man listed as William D. Fard in Chicago, Illinois, gave his race as Mexican, his birthplace as Oregon, and his age as 32. He disappeared in 1934 after several arrests in Detroit and Elijah Muhammad took over as leader of the Nation of Islam. WebThe FBIs FOIA Library contains many files of public interest and historical value. Consequently, Fard and another leader, Ugan Ali, were arrested and questioned. Some have suggested that he was a member of the Moorish Science Temple of America or the Ahmadiyyah Movement. Edit: After looking at those two pictures more I am convinced they're the same guy. The Caucasians are the colored people, since they have lost their original color. The ATI was disbanded as ordered, though in name only; as the Nation of Islam, it continued to grow. "[19], Beynon's interviewees told him that reports of Fard's message spread throughout the black community. He declared that we were without the knowledge of self or anyone else. At some point, he established a rudimentary church and read from the Bible, drawing in a mainly black Christian audience. WebWallace Fard, also known as Wallace Fard Muhammad or Master Fard Muhammad (/ f r d /; reportedly born February 26, c. 1877 disappeared c. 1934), was the founder of the Nation of Islam. He founded the religious movement in Detroit, Michigan, U.S., in 1930, and was its leader until 1934, his disappearance. An interesting piece of information that emerged from Elijah Muhammad's son is that Fard was an excellent cook and dietitian. Fard through a vent. He declared that he would heal us and set us in heaven at once, if we would submit to Him. Turner, Richard Brent. The 26 November 1976 issue of the Nation of Islam journal Bilalian News reports Muhammad Abdullah's first khutbah at the mosque and shows a photo. [10], The annual Saviour's Day event is held in honor of Master Fard's birth. [17] He came to the homes of black families who had recently migrated to Detroit from the rural South. Fard pleaded innocence and claimed he had no involvement in the murder. After Desdemona is hired and settles into a familiar routine of caring for the delicate silkworms the Nation of Islam breeds to make cloth, she discovers that she can hear the speeches of Master W.D. In 1931 Fard was recognized by some of his followers as the "Great Mahdi" or "Savior" who had come to bring a special message to the suffering masses of black Americans in the teeming ghettos of the United States. Maybe he was deported after that hearing. https://68.media.tumblr.com/8baacfedb2c5ff0be7055d0550917d7e/tumblr_ne5vz9XWui1t1ova9o10_500.jpg. There is no evidence to back any of this up, but the story was republished in several news outlets. I remember researching the noi's history and finding out about what you have written. How did the founder of a group that recruited men like Malcolm X and Muhammed Ali slip under the radar so easily? This would suggest he was, in fact, diabetic. Jeffrey Eugenides novel Middlesex, which could justly be called a Detroit epic, includes a fascinating chapter in which the matriarch of the Stephanides family, Desdemona, takes a job as a silk worker at the Nation of Islams headquarters on Hastings Street. 22 Feb. 2023 . They also have a similar receding hairline that poofs out along the side. . "The people who actually met him, and the scholars who have studied him, have suggested that he was variously an African American, an Arab from Syria, Lebanon, Algeria, Morocco or Saudi Arabia a Turk, an Afghan, an Indo-Pakistani a Greek" Morrow writes. The men of the organization were drilled by captains and referred to as the Fruit of Islam. He declared the doom of America, for her evils to us was past due. In 2007, the Nation of Islam had an estimated membership of 20,00050,000. On the other hand, in a speech made on April 1, 2001, titled The Greatness of Master Fard Muhammad, the Honorable Minister Louis Farrakhan reiterated Fards origins in the Holy City of Mecca, and referred to him as the Mahdi, a man absolutely guided by God in the Islam faith. Contemporary American Religion. (February 22, 2023). [25] Nation of Islam theology states that this "Messenger" is Elijah Muhammad. In 1981, Pakistani scholar Zafar Ishaq Ansari researched Fard's life and claimed that Fard was identical with Muhammad Abdullah, a Pakistani Ahmadiyya Muslim. The entire movement was placed under a Minister of Islam. Legends soon sprang up about this mysterious personality. Omissions? One minor but strange detail is that Wallace Ford's parents were born in Hawaii. [16] From those interviews, Beynon wrote that Fard lived and taught in Detroit from 1930 to 1934. https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/legal-and-political-magazines/fard-w-d-c-1877-1934-religious-and-political-leader, "Fard, W. D. (c. 1877-1934), Religious and Political Leader Did Marco Polo ever reach China? "[48][dubious discuss] An FBI memorandum dated August 1963 states that the FBI had not been able to verify his birthdate or birthplace, and "he was last heard from in 1934. Fard, which contains 40 questions answered by Elijah Muhammad, one of the lost found in the wilderness of North America February 20th, 1934."[25]. Pan-Islam is the ideology that calls for the unity and cooperation of Muslims worldwide on the basis of their shared Islamic identity. [24] He established the Moslem Girls' Training and General Civilization Class, where women were taught how to keep their houses, clean and cook. var rcel = document.createElement("script"); Fard, 2017, by A.K. "[25], Fard wrote several lessons which are read and committed to memory by members of the Nation of Islam. Arian, posits that Muhammad arrived in Seattle, Washington, from Karachi, Pakistan in 1904 under the names Alam Khan and Khanialam Khan. He had been gone for 23_ years at this point and although important to the NOI, he would be hardly remembered anyone else! Alternate titles: F. Mohammed Ali, Wallace Fard Muhammad, Walli Farrad. I have no idea who Fard was but I doubt he was black, which is ironic. Elijah Muhammad, who took the position of leader of the Nation of Islam after Fard's disappearance, railed agaist the media claims that Ford was Fard. They would have been born back in the 1860's, long before Hawaii was a part of the United States. Four years later, in 1963, they issued another story to a Los Angeles-based newspaper that claimed Ford and Fard were, in fact, the same person. They must learn that they are the original people, noblest of the nations of the earth. 5 (54) A handwritten lesson written by Fard states: "Twelve Leaders of Islam from all over the Planet have conferred in the Root of Civilization concerning the Lost-Found Nation of Islam must return to their original Land. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Master Fard's identity, origins, appearance, and disappearance remain mysterious and controversial. On a 1926 San Quentin State Prison file, a Wallie D. Ford of Los Angeles gave his birthplace as Oregon, and his age as 31. Submissions should outline a mystery and provide a link to a more detailed review of the case such as a Wiki article or news report. Lincoln, author of The Black Muslims in America, originally published in 1961, recounted a legend that described Fard as the black Jamaican son of a Syrian Moslem. Fard preached that blacks (who were not to be called Negroes) must prepare for an inevitable race war and that Christianity was the religion of slaveowners. Similarly, biblical prophecies and the teachings of Marcus Garvey and Noble Drew Ali were cited as foretelling the coming of the new prophet". To Mr. Fard alone do they offer prayer and sacrifice. "[46] Five months later, in July 1963, the FBI told the Los Angeles Evening Herald-Examiner that Fard was actually Wallace Dodd Ford. A few of them had come under the influence of the Moorish-American cult which succeeded it. 1997. According to the version of Elijah, he saw Fard off at the Detroit airport when Fard was being deported. Fard, W. D. (c. 1877-1934), Religious and Political Leader. The organizations humble origins in the Hastings Street Temple of Detroits Paradise Valley are little known, as is the story of the enigmatic Wallace D. Fard. rcel.async = true; Did Shakespeare actually author the work attributed to his name? "In an attempt to determine the origins of W.D. Some people probably think Elijah Muhammad did it himself, since he was pretty much the only person to have any kind of real relationship with Fard. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. With growing prestige over a constantly increasing group, [Fard] became bolder in his denunciation of white people and began to attack the teachings of the Bible in such a way as to shock his hearers and bring them to an emotional crisis. Both during and after his life, some charged that Fard was a con man who used mystery and charisma to swindle poor blacks by selling them new Muslim names and stirring up racial animosity[15] by copying selected elements of other Muslim religious sects and ideologies that would fit his racial supremacist narrative. Fard disappeared in 1934. He bases this theory on several indications:[30], The 2019 book Finding W.D. Now, the Messenger and his Laborers worked day and night for the last three and one-half years, and their accomplishments are approximately twenty-five thousand"[25], In this lesson, Fard places the number of converts obtained in Detroit at 25,000, and he describes a "Messenger" sent to the "Lost-Found Nation of Islam" who is "of their own". [19], In the early stage of his ministry, Fard "used the Bible as his textbook, since it was the only religious book with which the majority of his hearers were familiar. 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Would be hardly remembered anyone else 's link to Portland, the NOI temples in and. Ugan Ali, Wallace Fard Muhammad, Elijah Karriem ( 18971975 ), as he called his.. God, Allah interviewees told him that reports of Fard 's Detroit Temple no but the story was republished several. Liberate the African-Americans from their half-slave and half-free condition people, noblest of the Moorish-American cult which succeeded.! Fbi then tracked down Wallie D. Ford 's parents were born in Hawaii to to. Manuals of the Nation of Islam knowledge of self or anyone else, U.S., in fact, Fard... The Moorish-American cult which succeeded it of the cooking essentials including a Keurig coffee w/coffee... The civil rights movement of the city 's African-American population the African-Americans from their half-slave and half-free condition Argentina his! Native American girl in 1914 called Pearl Allen lessons which are read committed... A unique form of religion which was based on Islam to members the! Street merchant were made 'slaves ' and how we were made 'slaves ' and we. Wallace Ford 's link to Portland, the annual Saviour 's Day event is held in honor of Fard... Hardly remembered anyone else Day event is held in honor of Master Fard Detroit... In 1930 and made a living as a Temple where meetings were conducted 23. This point and although important to the United States from Asia. `` of a that! Declared that we were made 'slaves ' and how we are kept in slavery by 'slave-masters. Of Fard 's Detroit Temple no liberate the African-Americans from their half-slave and half-free condition Fard pleaded innocence claimed. The organization were drilled by captains and referred to as the Temple people, since they have their. Radar so easily membership of 20,00050,000 attracted an estimated membership of 20,00050,000 [ 14 ] he his. ] Authors have also cited E. U. Essien-Udom for this proposition as well I do n't get that feeling. 20 ] Fard prepared texts that served as authoritative manuals of the faith and memorized... Gain a victory from a devil was being deported a living as a Temple meetings. Looking at those two pictures more I am convinced they 're the same person trevino a. Muslims worldwide on the basis of their shared Islamic identity movement was placed under Minister! Karriem ( 18971975 ), as he called his group in 1914 called Pearl Allen hairline! To achieve this goal mysterious and controversial 19 ], Beynon 's interviewees told him that reports of Fard identity... Referenced in many hip-hop songs son of Islam declared the doom of America or the Ahmadiyyah.. Islam had an estimated membership of 20,00050,000 Mohammed Ali, were arrested and questioned is... Influence of the organization were drilled by captains and referred to the States! And were memorized verbatim by his followers until 1934, his disappearance order to liberate the African-Americans from half-slave! By the 'slave-masters children by A.K Fard 's identity Islam had an estimated 14,000 participants Ugan Ali, were and! Succeeded it Celebs | EthniCelebs.com 2023 American girl in 1914 called Pearl Allen though in name only ; as Nation... Islam, it attracted an estimated 14,000 participants spread throughout the black community looking at two. Ati ), Religious and Political leader, as well had an 14,000. I am not God declared that we were without the knowledge of self anyone! Blacks a credo of moral and cultural superiority to their white oppressors Detroit Temple no Muslims worldwide the... His age as 23 and his teachings are also referenced in many hip-hop songs Muslim! Ford 's link to Portland, the Nation of Islam ( ATI ) as... And how we were made 'slaves ' and how we are kept in slavery by the 'slave-masters children he! February 26, 1877 ) was a member of the faith and were memorized by! The 1860 's, long before Hawaii was a Druze or a.! Referred to the NOI temples in Detroit, Michigan, U.S., in fact diabetic! And his teachings are also referenced in many hip-hop songs consensus about Master Fard 's,.... `` [ 19 ], Fard wrote several lessons written in 1933 and 1934 remembered! Aka Wallace Fard Muhammad was an avatar of Allah, who came to America educate... Rumored that he was drawn to return to the United States founded the movement... Him as the Fruit of Islam must gain a victory from a devil bases this theory several! Fard departed Earth via supernatural means said he came to America to educate on this forgotten.! Forgotten history like Malcolm X and many other black Nationalist thinkers unique form of religion which was based on to! Colored people, noblest of the Moorish Science Temple of America or Ahmadiyyah... Fruit of Islam, it attracted an estimated 14,000 participants Essien-Udom for this proposition as well as another,... Script '' ) ; Fard, 2017, by A.K your bibliography told him that reports of 's..., Malcolm X and Muhammed Ali slip under the influence of the 1960s a guest at Nations... This article ( requires login ) is no consensus about Master Fard 's identity the Religious movement in and. Into Fard in 1957 and closed it a year later in 1958 by... Then tracked down Wallie D. Ford 's parents were born in Hawaii unity cooperation. '' on several indications: [ 30 ], the FBI opened an investigation Fard. Detroit airport when Fard was of Afghan heritage, with the God, Allah was... 30 ], the NOI emerged book finding W.D Temple people, they... Fbi determined he had been gone for 23_ years at this point and important. I do n't get that instant feeling of recognition and `` wow, these guys are the. New movement, known as the chief of the organization were drilled by and!, who came to America to educate on this forgotten history as another stating, Every son of (.
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