Our story is not as bleak as presented here. K= 7 ! Many of these assailants are disgruntled and jobless teenagers. The foundations of the institutional framework in Nigeria are very shaky and have provoked deterioration of state governance and democratic accountability, thus, paralyzing the existing set of constraints including the formal and legitimate rules nested in the hierarchy of social order. Nigerian authorities must not use the state of emergency imposed in the north of the country as an excuse to commit human rights violations, Amnesty International urged today as the military continued its assault on Islamist armed group Boko Haram.Several people have reportedly been killed and hundreds . This is in addition to the poor attitudinal and behavioral disposition of security personnel. In 2011 alone, Nigeria's fuel subsidy cost the country an estimated $8 billion and the price tag for 2012 was expected to be even greater. 22. In his view, security engagement cannot be separated from good governance. This definition reflects physical insecurity which is the most visible form of insecurity, and it feeds into many other forms of insecurity such as economic security and social security. This is because such environments or economies are considered high-risk zones due to the high level of uncertainty about the safety of investment and the lives of the managers and their staff. Insecurity everywhere is a risk factor that business owners and managers dread and wish to avoid by relocating their businesses elsewhere. Nigeria must address its infrastructure challenges by providing adequate financing and clamping down on the misappropriation of public monies intended for infrastructure. . As such, workers resign to run away from such areas and fresh people do not want to go there for employment. In Nigeria, cases that bother on corruption and insecurity have most often been compromised. K= 7 ! Even if they have suspended operations for the time being, their actions have drastically reduced crude oil output in the country. By. A large number of the Nigerian population is frustrated and have lost hope, especially the youths, and have now emerged to express their disillusion about the pervasive state of inequality. 5 Bauchi State - Bauchi. Edeh Samuel Chukwuemeka ACMC, is a Law Student and a Certified Mediator/Conciliator in Nigeria. There. Emergency maintenance does not increase lifetime of equipment. In the first case, before the state of emergency was declared on 24 March and a lockdown of parts of the capital city-province Kinshasa was imposed, President Felix Tshisekedi had announced, on 18 March, measures to restrict the movement of people, including banning public gatherings, closing schools, restricting travel and closing public . This results in a rather abrupt stop which could shake up the cabin or give your passengers a bit of a fright. Our law enforcement agencies must therefore be incorruptible and fair. Boko Haram kidnapped roughly 276 Chibok schoolgirls on the night of the 14th and 15th of April in 2014. e. Land disputes, many of which have been dragging on for years, should be resolved as soon as possible to avoid further loss of life and property. An earlier version of this article appeared in The Guardian newspaper of March 2, 2004 under the title "The State of Emergency Conjecture". Everyones main priority is not to deal with such type of maintenance. 10. Nigeria once Africas largest economy continues its downward trend due to coronavirus issues, Banditry, Endsars, and other security vices. 4 Anambra State - Awka. In Nigeria, election tampering is not uncommon. Ethnicity: Nigeria, Africas colossus, is the worlds most populated black country. Usually, the brakes come on at the last second before contact is made with the incoming object. There should be an institutionalized approach rather than the episodic and reactive response adopted by the government in the aftermath of attacks. Another issue in Nigerian schools nowadays is political meddling; politics is the most powerful factor in the Nigerian educational system. As mentioned above, a lack of preparation can . Consequently, Aluta posited more sustainable development initiatives regarding insecurity are needed in Nigeria and this is imperative, since security is central to development, and the national transformation agenda of the current administration may not be achieved if there is no solution to the menace of insecurity ravaging the country. The civil war can easily be traced back . In addition, when government decisions are products of subjective rather than objective considerations, states of emergency can be used to settle political scores or advance parochial interests. Especially for all of the promises they made on education. A group of terrorist invades the town meanwhile Smith (Saint Obi) identifies them as former members of squared twelve in the military: Their mission is to disrupt the peace in the nation through. No planning is involved and no tools and resources are collected that are required to resolve issues as such issues occur unexpectedly. k; 7 ! Evidently, there has been a decline in foreign direct investment in Nigeria. In addition to the fact that areas pruned to insecurity will not be attractive for marketers from outside, there will be restrictions on mobility. In addition to the usual crimes, the coordinated attacks from the Boko Haram sect in the northern part of the country, besides making life miserable for Nigerians, have affected so many businesses operating in that region. Graduates frequently have to stay in their parents houses for an extended period, leading to dissatisfaction and pessimism. Serial Number: Name Of States:Their Capitals: 1 Abia State - Umuahia. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide3.xml.rels A good example is the Biafran civil war which began in 6 July 1967 - 15 January 1970 (over 2 years). Nigerias multi-ethnic character has many advantages as well as disadvantages ethnicity issues in Nigeria. But no matter what, one has to plan to overcome such emergency situations. Oil spills deplete soil microorganisms and nutrients, which impacts Delta fishing and farming communities as well as the broader economy. The combined emergency management authorities, policies, procedures, and resources of local, State, and Federal Governments as well as voluntary disaster relief organizations, the private sector, and international sources constitute a national disaster response framework for providing assistance, following a major disaster or emergency. Threats likely to cause a declaration of the state of emergency include armed action against the state (such as a coup d'etat), financial crisis, epidemics, natural disasters, or external attacks. The countrys population is diverse, with over 250 ethnic groups represented. The organization has kidnapped children and murdered Christians across the country. Any engineer or contractor who does not complete his work properly should be held accountable. This does not even take into account the country's . A State of Emergency helps: SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA AND THE BUILDING SUSTAINABLE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT. A state of emergency is a situation which allows the government to increase powers in the area. The administration has also pledged an equitable transfer of wealth to the people, which should be implemented. This is so because the association of different component units will make the . On the upside, Nigeria benefits from its relatively large market size, which bears the potential for significant economics of scales; a relatively efficient labor market, driven by its flexibility, and a solid financial market following its gradual recovery. A situation that often results in the reactions of the public to the excesses of the military regimes which governed Nigeria and has continued after the end of military regimes and created a sensitivity by those in government at public intrusion in matters of state. It is safe, secure, and can not . The challenge in solving the insecurity problem in Nigeria is to accelerate the pace of development. A State of Emergency Proclamation Enacted to Avert the Threat Against National Existence and Sovereignty: Whereas, it is the government's legal duty and moral responsibility to safeguard the existence and sovereignty of the nation from internal and external enemies; To overcome insecurity there is a need for intelligence gathering and surveillance so that law enforcement agents could be proactive and reasonably predict potential crime with near-perfect accuracy rather than being reactive. Conducive environment: some states lacks police infrastructures such as college, clinic and adequate resources to sustain the desired policing. The burgeoning population has resulted in a slew of new issues, including environmental deterioration and traffic congestion in major cities. restrictions on the conduct of private businesses including financial transactions. The conditions are set out in Nigerias 1999 constitution. Those caught up in the conflict have experienced brutal violence, lost family, friends and homes, lived with acute and sustained levels of stress in poor conditions, seen their communities torn apart and had little or no access to life-saving services such as health and education. As the premeditated use or threat of use of violence by an individual or group to cause fear, destruction or death, especially against unarmed targets, property or infrastructure in a state, intended to compel those in authority to respond to the demands and expectations of the individual or group behind such violent acts which has cost 13.4 percent of the world gross domestic product. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide5.xml.rels SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR BUSINESS ACTIVITIES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. In order to facilitate this collaboration, Memoranda of Understanding have been signed by several United Nations agencies; these agreements aim to clarify roles and responsibilities in emergency relief and rehabilitation programmes, and outline commitments to joint activities within agency competencies. The essence of this provision is to enable the president to . The administration has also pledged an equitable transfer of wealth to the people, which should be implemented. Nigeria is the largest black nation in the world, with a current population estimated to be over 200 million. It can also lead to temporary suspension of the democratic order and pave the way for the ascendancy of anti-democratic forces. The gross domestic product (GDP) is one of the most important indices of a countrys economic health. They apply for employment but are not recruited due to a lack of qualifications. All of these values which made society secured and safe have all gradually been thrown away and lost. So what does an official declaration (either at the local or state level) actually do? Across the country, groups have emerged to compete for control of resources located on their land. According to Aluta, Security just like other elements in the business environment enhances and optimizes business activities but insecurity hinders these activities and so it constitutes a threat to business organizations. Institutions remain weak with insufficiently protected property, rights, high corruption, and undue influence. Lecturer, Political Science, Federal University Lafia. Foreign investors in the Nigerian economy are moving away from starting new companies or production plants and are buying up shares of quoted companies instead. But the countrys federal system is deeply flawed with power and resources inordinately in control of the central government. Insecurity affects the general human security of the people as the situation promotes fear, while at the same time limiting the peoples ability to work effectively. Buhari declared winner of Nigeria's Presidential Elections. Published. Terrorism At the most proximate and least disputable level, terrorism is the most fundamental source of insecurity in Nigeria today, and its primary bases and sources of support have generally been located in religious fanaticism and intolerance. Education system: Students who attend tertiary education institutions are usually unemployed and depressed. Nigeria runs a federal system a situation where the federating units are expected to enjoy autonomy. Nigerians are tired of going to the polls on election day only to discover that their ballots havent been counted. The Socio-Economic Development-This factor is strongly considered as the major key to peace and security in Nigeria. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! Inequality: This is due to the governments and its agencies apparent favoring of people or regions belonging to one tribe over another. One of the general principles is that any decision about an emergency must be done in good faith. The bomb explosions initiated by this group have been on the increase leading to enormous loss of life and property and a general atmosphere of fear and social tension in the country. EM also helps one to immediately identify major cause of failure and then restore asset or equipment to its normal working condition. A paper presented by Director Panning Research and Forecasting, NEMA, to participants of the National War College Course 13, at the . As name suggests, it is a serious and unexpected situation that is required to be immediately solved. There is also the need to modernize the security agencies with training, intelligence sharing, advanced technology, logistics, motivation, and change of orientation. Cases of corruption are not meant to be compromised at all, let alone adjourning them endlessly. News May 22, 2013 Nigeria: State of emergency must not lead to more human rights abuses. Small Arms and Light Weapons proliferation and the availability of these weapons have enabled militant groups and criminal groups to have easy access to arms. There are over 3 million people internally displaced in Nigeria, forced to flee in their homes in the North-East by insurgency and conflict. Nigeria reported the country's . This negativity is one of the main reasons for crime among Nigerian youth; they turn to illegal activities since they have nothing better to do with their time or money. Policies that focus solely on single governmental agencies, such as security agencies or the enactment of laws are unlikely to succeed. Nigerias environmental and health standards are deplorable. Also, the porosity of the Nigerian borders has made it possible for an unwarranted influx of migrants from neighboring countries such as the Republic of Niger, Chad, and the Republic of Benin. Foreign investors in the Nigerian economy are moving away from starting new companies or production plants and are buying up shares of quoted companies instead. Some of the current conflicts in the country may be traced back to this forced union. This organization has filed a lawsuit against the government for control of money derived from the sale of crude oil produced in their territory. Your email address will not be published. They impose restrictions on peoples rights and freedoms. The lack of basic necessities by the people in Nigeria has created a pool of frustrated people who are ignited easily by any event to be violent. The formulation and effective implementation of policies and programs capable of addressing the root causes of insecurity in Nigeria is crucial, especially with regard to poverty; unemployment, environmental degradation, injustice, corruption, porous borders, and small arms proliferation. 25/03/2020. In an autonomous braking system, the first thing that will trip is the forward collision alert followed by the braking system. The government officials tasked with combating corruption are unconcerned about what is expected of them. The Nigerian government recently threatened to declare a state of emergency in Anambra, a state in the south-east of the country, because of rising insecurity. Many others have also linked security to the governance system. Summary. Lastly, a state of emergency can be abused unless both the legislature and judiciary can assert their independence in practice, and rule of law is made the cardinal principle of governance. Expected to enjoy autonomy fresh people do not want to go there employment... Association of different component units will make the have drastically reduced crude oil produced in their parents houses an! And lost Nigeria is the most important indices of a countrys economic health followed by the braking,... 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