It contains thousands of paper examples on a wide variety of topics, all donated by helpful students. Many forms of federalism look to create checks and balances throughout society as a way to create an equal governing process. The fear of marginalization by the minority in a unitary system of government has, to a great extent, influenced the majority state support for federating states. He is also a Developer with knowledge in HTML, CSS, JS, PHP and React Native. Justice Udo Udoma is of the view that regionalism was introduced by the colonialists in order to divide and rule, and weaken true national unity in Nigeria. regions, states, provinces. Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages. 2.2 It Increases The Level Of Participation By Individuals. Political institutions, Kinship ties, Origin of towns and their cultural antecedents are enriched with similar history. The political parties involved in the first republic were more formed on a regional basis. Thus, federalism seemed to be the only option left for Nigeria because it allows for popular participation in government. Federalism in Nigeria is one of the most expensive. This is another reason why federalism is important and also the reason why more states were created to help the smaller groups to be independent units and not forever walk in the shadow of the Hausas, Yorubas, and Igbos. Federalism allows local governments to fight the national governments. 3. Federalism promotes efficiency of government: distribution of power between the state and nation provides division of work and specialization of functions. 1. Federalism promotes unity: the system provides a united national government deal in matters such as finance, defence, regulation of business and foreign affairs. In other not to control only some parts of the big country, Nigeria, the colonial masters thought it wise to divide the country into different component units that will be represented in the government. In fact, Nigeria can be seen as a prime example of the "resource curse", a phenomenon where natural resource wealth leads to poor economic growth and development and an increased likelihood for civil conflict. There are some states which pursue policies which frustrate national policy because they cause them to sacrifice some of their interests to local interests such as segregation. There are times when blocking the implementation of federal law is beneficial. Every province has political, social and economic problems peculiar to the region itself. Your email address will not be published. A federal system, in which units exist only for political or pacifist reasons, forebodes a great burden for fiscal federalism. Federalism can create uncertainty. Your privacy is extremely important to us. Because there are multiple layers of government working cooperatively with one another in a federalist system, it can be challenging at times for specific communities to know where they can receive assistance. Register or login to receive notifications when there's a reply to your comment or update on this information. This regional arrangement gave rise to ethnic sentiment and political struggle for the center among the three major ethnic groups in Nigeria. Each state has the power to trail policies that the citizens consider more important. Government Structure and Systems of Government Federal Government. On the subject of policy innovation, Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis observed in 1932 that "a single courageous state may, if its citizens choose, serve as a laboratory; and . Proportional representation (PR) systems are argued to be the political system most advantageous to women's political representation. The fact that a written constitution is difficult to amend is both an advantage and a disadvantage at the same time. Many forms of federalism look to create checks and balances throughout society as a way to create an equal governing process. Federalism provides a way for different groups of people in different parts of the country to live together. Rather there has been more challenges than benefits of this federal system. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The United States, Canada, India, France and Australia adopted federalism because of the desire for security by the various ethnic units. The local governments could distribute resources first instead of relying on the national government like the island because of the availability of local resources. $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ? Different communities have unique requirements that they must meet to maximize their quality of life. So majority if not all of them were in favor of a federalist system of governance. Read Also:Importance of Journalism in Nigeria. inconveniences of federalism and makes no mention of its great advantages. Importance of Federalism in Nigeria. The 1951 constitution gave more strength to regionalism with the creation of two chamber legislation in the northern and western Nigeria. Nigeria did not choose federal system of government because it is the best or most practiced system of government in the world. It established that the resources of a particular state is not totally owned by the federal government. Federalism increases the level of participation by individuals. State governments have the freedom to adopt policies which may not be followed nationally or by any other state. We will write a custom Assessment on Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages specifically for you for only $11.00 $9.35/page. 1. Dispersing of government power between the state and the nation offers greater protection against emergence of tyrannical government. Which of the following could be considered of the advantages of federalism and decentralization? Several positive and negative attributes of federalism have manifested themselves in the U.S. political system. Federalism allows national governments to fight the local ones. The states too have no resources for development but depended on federal grants. This content downloaded from 202.43.93 on Sat, 07 Sep 2019 03:19:32 UTC . What were the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? Problems facing the legal profession in Nigeria, History of the legal profession in Nigeria, Problems of Local Government in Nigeria And Solutions, 5 important Characteristic of customary law, Sources of Nigerian Law: everything you need to know. By Federalism, we mean a system whereby constitutional powers are shared or divided between the central (Federal) government and the component states that formed the federation for the purpose of exercising these powers to develop their domain. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. 4. given Americans wider ranges of choice among the different political and economic . Moreover, November 23, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/federalism-2/. Nigeria is quite a big country with an area of 923,768 km2. To avert this domination, states unite to form a strong, virile and stable union capable of withstanding external attacks. The USA and Canada were formed with the above interest at heart. Federalism can be defined as a system of government in which political powers of the state are shared between the central government and other component units. Politics in America, eighth edition/alternate edition. sir Arthur Richards strengthened this proposal in 1945 and regionalism was introduced by his administration in 1946. Prior to independence, it is believed that the British adopted federalism because it favored their interest. What is federalism? Advantages and Disadvantages of Unitary System, Advantages and Disadvantages of Federal Government, Differences Between Unitary and Federal Government, Advantages and Disadvantages of a Confederal Government, Advantages and Disadvantages of a Republican Government, Characteristics of Monarchical Form of Government, Characteristics of the Presidential System, Differences Between Presidential and Parliamentary Systems, Continue With the Mobile App | Available on Google Play. Real federalism has never existed in Nigeria (Ajasin, 1992; Odisu, 2015). Presently, Nigeria has a strong center and a weak component. This structure makes it possible for any law to be challenged, and that can slow down the process of change over time. So, what are the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? The structure of this government can create inefficiencies in the system because the national government might not like the way the local officials choose to oversee their communities. On the subject of policy innovation, Supreme Court Justice READ ALSO: History of democracy in Nigeria from 1960. Another factor that prompted the adoption of federalism in Nigeria is the fear of insecurity and the desire for union. Because this structure of government looks at cooperation and sharing as its primary structure, there is an opportunity to try a different set of policies to see how they will work. The British in their quest for economic wealth and geo-political edges over other Europeans in Africa made Nigeria the largest British colony in Africa. In Nigeria, it could be argued that our federal system of government is the creation of British colonialism. Each state will receive 22% to 28% funds annually to spend in development. Register or login to make commenting easier. Fiscal Federalism In Nigeria - Understanding The Core Issues By Kayode Oladele. Thats not to say that all actions are a disadvantage. This process can create positive or negative results. The needs of the people in Seattle may be very different than those who live in the population centers around Miami. So, our federalist form of government has several advantages, such as protecting us from tyranny, dispersing power, increasing citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness , and disadvantages , such as supposedly protecting slavery and segregation, increasing inequalities between states, states blocking national policies, and racing to the bottom in terms of how they treat their citizens. To carry everyone along, a system of government with more decision-makers is necessary. The central government can concentrate more on international affairs and defense of the country while the provincial government can cater to the local needs. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and regional authorities. They also have implied powers which are necessary in delegation of power in the nation. The regional government had power over matters that are listed under the residual list. This seemed to be the default option given its heterogeneous nature. Keep it up , Yes , I love it and I was sentitize on those reasons. Whatever the case may be, its success lies in the overall benefit and growth of the economy. Instead of mandating that everyone follows the same set of laws, this system allows each community to create a foundation that works the best for their needs. Hurry Now click here to Apply >> Immigrate to Canada (i)Cultural diversity, (ii) fear of domination by minorities, (iii). All names, acronyms, logos and trademarks displayed on this website are those of their respective owners. Nigeria therefore falls into the latter because of the wide diversities. This was many times more the population of most African countries then. *$( %2%(,-/0/#484.7*./. C Others do not. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. fiscal federalism and Nigeria development indexes (measured in terms of per capita income, literacy rate and infant mortality rate). Federalism is a mixed system of government with a major feature of power decentralization where the general government often called the Federal Government leads the states governments who are almost just as powerful. Central Versus Provincial They also have the power to conduct foreign affairs through inherent powers given to them by the constitution. Edeh Samuel Chukwuemeka ACMC, is a Law Student and a Certified Mediator/Conciliator in Nigeria. IvyPanda, 23 Nov. 2019, ivypanda.com/essays/federalism-2/. 2. Another advantage of federalism is that because our federal system creates two levels of government with the capacity to take action, failure to attain a desired policy goal at one level can be offset by successfully securing the support of elected representatives at another level. There can be a rebellion by a regional government against the national government too. It also offers opportunity to test the courage of selected leaders and to prove whether they are responsible. This goal has not been realized, as most of these states are incapable of standing for themselves financially. It can also be used as a way to change local laws when they arent shifting at the national level. Capita income, literacy rate and infant mortality rate ) way for groups... 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